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PREvention of VENous Thromboembolism in Hemorrhagic Stroke Patients – PREVENTIHS Study: A Randomized Controlled Trial and a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
European Neurology ( IF 2.4 ) Pub Date : 2020-01-01 , DOI: 10.1159/000511574
Maurizio Paciaroni , Giancarlo Agnelli , Andrea Alberti , Cecilia Becattini , Francesco Guercini , Giuseppe Martini , Rossana Tassi , Giovanna Marotta , Michele Venti , Monica Acciarresi , Maria Giulia Mosconi , Simona Marcheselli , Lara Fratticci , Cataldo D’Amore , Walter Ageno , Maurizio Versino , Maria Luisa De Lodovici , Federico Carimati , Alessandro Pezzini , Alessandro Padovani , Francesco Corea , Umberto Scoditti , Licia Denti , Tiziana Tassinari , Giorgio Silvestrelli , Alfonso Ciccone , Valeria Caso

BACKGROUND In this randomized trial, currently utilized standard treatments were compared with enoxaparin for the prevention of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). METHODS Enoxaparin (0.4 mg daily for 10 days) was started after 72 h from the onset of ICH. The primary outcome was symptomatic or asymptomatic deep venous thrombosis as assessed by ultrasound at the end of study treatment. The safety of enoxaparin was also assessed. We included the results of this study in a meta-analysis of all relevant studies comparing anticoagulants with standard treatments or placebo. RESULTS PREVENTIHS was prematurely stopped after the randomization of 73 patients, due to the low recruitment rate. The prevalence of any VTE at 10 days was 15.8% in the enoxaparin group and 20.0% in the control group (RR 0.79 [95% CI 0.29-2.12]); 2.6% of enoxaparin and 8.6% of standard therapy patients had severe bleedings (RR 0.31 [95% CI 0.03-2.82]). When these results were meta-analyzed with the results of the selected studies (4,609 patients; 194 from randomized trials), anticoagulants were associated with a nonsignificant reduction in any VTE (OR 0.81; 95% CI 0.43-1.51), in pulmonary embolism (OR 0.53; 95% CI, 0.17-1.60), and in mortality (OR 0.85; 95% CI 0.64-1.12) without increase in hematoma enlargement (OR 0.97; 95% CI, 0.31-3.04). CONCLUSIONS In patients with acute ICH, the use of anticoagulants to prevent VTE was safe but the overall level of evidence was low due to the low number of patients included in randomized clinical trials.

中文翻译:

预防出血性中风患者的静脉血栓栓塞 - PREVENTIHS 研究:随机对照试验和系统评价和荟萃分析

背景 在这项随机试验中,目前使用的标准治疗与依诺肝素在预防脑出血 (ICH) 患者静脉血栓栓塞 (VTE) 方面进行了比较。方法 在 ICH 发病 72 小时后开始使用依诺肝素(每天 0.4 mg,共 10 天)。主要结局是在研究治疗结束时通过超声评估的有症状或无症状的深静脉血栓形成。还评估了依诺肝素的安全性。我们将这项研究的结果纳入了所有相关研究的荟萃分析,该研究将抗凝剂与标准治疗或安慰剂进行了比较。结果 由于招募率低,73 名患者随机分组后,PREVENTIHS 提前停止。依诺肝素组 10 天时任何 VTE 的患病率为 15.8%,对照组为 20.0%(RR 0.79 [95% CI 0.29-2. 12]); 2.6% 的依诺肝素和 8.6% 的标准治疗患者出现严重出血(RR 0.31 [95% CI 0.03-2.82])。当这些结果与所选研究(4,609 名患者;194 名来自随机试验)的结果进行荟萃分析时,抗凝剂与肺栓塞的任何 VTE(OR 0.81;95% CI 0.43-1.51)无显着降低相关( OR 0.53;95% CI,0.17-1.60),死亡率(OR 0.85;95% CI 0.64-1.12),血肿扩大不增加(OR 0.97;95% CI,0.31-3.04)。结论 在急性 ICH 患者中,使用抗凝剂预防 VTE 是安全的,但由于纳入随机临床试验的患者数量较少,因此总体证据水平较低。当这些结果与所选研究(4,609 名患者;194 名来自随机试验)的结果进行荟萃分析时,抗凝剂与肺栓塞的任何 VTE(OR 0.81;95% CI 0.43-1.51)无显着降低相关( OR 0.53;95% CI,0.17-1.60),死亡率(OR 0.85;95% CI 0.64-1.12),血肿扩大不增加(OR 0.97;95% CI,0.31-3.04)。结论 在急性 ICH 患者中,使用抗凝剂预防 VTE 是安全的,但由于纳入随机临床试验的患者数量较少,因此总体证据水平较低。当这些结果与所选研究(4,609 名患者;194 名来自随机试验)的结果进行荟萃分析时,抗凝剂与肺栓塞的任何 VTE(OR 0.81;95% CI 0.43-1.51)无显着降低相关( OR 0.53;95% CI,0.17-1.60),死亡率(OR 0.85;95% CI 0.64-1.12),血肿扩大不增加(OR 0.97;95% CI,0.31-3.04)。结论 在急性 ICH 患者中,使用抗凝剂预防 VTE 是安全的,但由于纳入随机临床试验的患者数量较少,因此总体证据水平较低。和死亡率(OR 0.85;95% CI 0.64-1.12),血肿扩大没有增加(OR 0.97;95% CI,0.31-3.04)。结论 在急性 ICH 患者中,使用抗凝剂预防 VTE 是安全的,但由于纳入随机临床试验的患者数量较少,因此总体证据水平较低。和死亡率(OR 0.85;95% CI 0.64-1.12)而血肿扩大没有增加(OR 0.97;95% CI,0.31-3.04)。结论 在急性 ICH 患者中,使用抗凝剂预防 VTE 是安全的,但由于纳入随机临床试验的患者数量较少,因此总体证据水平较低。
更新日期:2020-01-01
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