1. Leucoptera coffeella is one of the main coffee pests in the Neotropical region and particularly important in crops cultivated under full sun, as in Brazil. The intensive use of insecticides in the last two decades, including molecules of recent use such as chlorantranilprole, has not been successful in suppressing this pest species.
2. Thus, study aimed to detect insecticide resistance and determine the levels of resistance to commercial formulations of the insecticides chlorantraniliprole, chlorpyrifos and thiamethoxam in populations of L. coffeella from Arabica coffee fields in western and the highlands of the state Bahia (Brazil). Furthermore, as the expression of insecticide toxicity varies with the length of exposure and the compound concentration, what is frequently neglected, these two variables were considered while determining the levels of resistance in nine populations.
3. Moderate levels of resistance were detected to chlorantranilprole in two populations, whereas the others exhibited low levels of resistance. All populations were resistant to thiamethoxam ranging from low to moderate levels. Low levels of resistance to chlorpyrifos were detected in all populations from western, but none from highlands region.
4. The western presents a more concerning scenario of insecticide resistance the L. coffeella, but the phenomenon requires attention in both regions.

中文翻译：

---

新热带咖啡叶采食者（蝶形咖啡）种群间的时间-浓度相互作用对杀虫剂的抗性

1. Leucoptera coffeella是新热带地区的主要咖啡害虫之一，在巴西，在阳光充足的农作物中尤为重要。在过去的二十年中，大量使用杀虫剂，包括最近使用的分子，例如氯虫腈，并没有成功地抑制这种有害生物。
2. 因此，这项研究旨在检测来自巴伊亚州（巴西）西部和高地的阿拉比卡咖啡产区的L. coffeella种群中的杀虫剂氯虫腈，毒死rif和噻虫嗪的商业制剂的抗药性水平。此外，由于杀虫剂毒性的表达随暴露时间和化合物浓度的变化而变化，而这经常被忽略，因此在确定9个种群的抗药性水平时考虑了这两个变量。
3. 在两个人群中检出了对氯虫腈的中等水平的抗药性，而其他人群则显示出较低的抗性水平。所有人群对噻虫嗪的耐药性从低到中等水平不等。在西部的所有人群中均检测到对毒死rif的抗药性较低，而在高地地区则没有。
4. 西方人对咖啡杆菌的杀虫剂抗药性提出了更多的关注，但该现象在这两个地区都需要引起注意。