Conventional geological and environmental analyses rely heavily on the geologists’ assessments and time-consuming laboratory analyses that are relatively burdensome. Certain features of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS), especially the rapid and without complex sample preparation analysis (e.g., the remote and on-site detections and multi-element analyses), can significantly accelerate the field or remote detection of geological and environmental resources. Moreover, the LIBS technique combined with machine learning becomes an effective means to improve the accuracy of classification and quantitative analysis of the information derived from LIBS spectra data sets. This paper presents a brief account of LIBS equipments, preparation of samples, the spectral fusion technology, field-portable and remote LIBS, the machine learning methods in LIBS, the applications of LIBS to analyzing various geological and environmental materials at some specific field sites during the past six years. Finally, the potential applications of LIBS for some future developments are proposed.

常规的地质和环境分析在很大程度上依赖于地质学家的评估和相对耗时的耗时的实验室分析。激光诱导击穿光谱法（LIBS）的某些功能，特别是快速且无需复杂的样品制备分析（例如，远程和现场检测以及多元素分析），可以显着加快地质或环境领域的现场或远程检测资源。而且，LIBS技术与机器学习相结合成为提高对LIBS光谱数据集信息的分类和定量分析准确性的有效手段。本文简要介绍了LIBS设备，样品制备，光谱融合技术，现场便携式和远程LIBS，LIBS中的机器学习方法，LIBS在过去六年中在某些特定现场站点分析各种地质和环境材料方面的应用。最后，提出了LIBS在未来发展中的潜在应用。