Abstract European Union set an ambitious 20% target of its energy consumption from renewable resources 20% by 2020. The aim of this paper is to assess the contribution of solid biomass to renewables use in the EU. During 2010–2018 the share of solid biomass increased from 6.1% to 8.0% of total GFEC, an increase of almost 300 PJ. The paper identifies leading and lagging countries in biomass development by focusing on their current solid biomass share in GFEC. The study shows that leading countries have reached or are close to reach their target, while lagging countries are far from their targets. ETS and non-ETS targets play both a role in the growing use of solid biomass. Despite some challenges, the forest biomass sector allows the sustainable increase of bioenergy in the EU, when the harvest level remains below 90% of net annual increment (except for natural disasters) and there is a stable division between fuelwood and harvested wood for solid products. Forests available for wood supply (FAWS) should be treated differently from non-FAWS areas (protected forests, biodiversity areas), because of different carbon dynamics. The EU Member States may wish to introduce a fixed ratio between FAWS and non FAWS areas, in order to optimally meet the corresponding wishes in EU’s forest and biodiversity strategies.

中文翻译：

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固体生物质如何为欧盟 2020 年和 2030 年的可再生能源目标做出贡献？能源和林业部门的温室气体驱动因素和保障措施是什么？

摘要 欧盟设定了一个雄心勃勃的目标，即到 2020 年其可再生资源的能源消耗达到 20%。本文的目的是评估固体生物质对欧盟可再生能源使用的贡献。在 2010-2018 年期间，固体生物质占 GFEC 总量的份额从 6.1% 增加到 8.0%，增加了近 300 PJ。该论文通过关注其目前在 GFEC 中的固体生物质份额，确定了生物质发展的领先和落后国家。研究表明，领先国家已经达到或接近达到目标，而落后国家距离目标还很远。ETS 和非 ETS 目标在不断增长的固体生物质使用中都发挥着作用。尽管存在一些挑战，但森林生物质部门允许欧盟生物能源的可持续增长，当采伐水平保持在年度净增量的 90% 以下时（自然灾害除外），并且用于固体产品的薪材和采伐木材之间存在稳定的划分。由于不同的碳动态，可用于木材供应的森林 (FAWS) 应与非 FAWS 区域（受保护的森林、生物多样性区域）区别对待。欧盟成员国可能希望在 FAWS 和非 FAWS 区域之间引入固定比例，以最佳地满足欧盟森林和生物多样性战略中的相应愿望。