Converting the greenhouse gas CO₂ into higher alcohols (HAs) via hydrogenation reaction requires more attention in C₁ chemistry because the C₂₊ alcoholic products are value-added chemicals as fuel additives, reaction solvents, and intermediates. However, the chemical inertness of CO₂, complexity in various reaction routes, and uncontrollability of C–C coupling from untamed surface moieties in higher alcohol synthesis (HAS) make this approach very challenging to achieve. In this review, we summarize and analyze the recent advances in catalytic HAS from direct CO₂ hydrogenation. The first section highlights the potential promising catalyst families, including a noble-metal class of catalysts, modified Co-based catalysts, modified Cu-based catalysts, and Mo-based catalysts with the roles of promoters and supports specified in each case. The second section reviews the possible reaction mechanisms based on previous experimental results. The rational design of ideal catalyst systems for this reaction is discussed in the third section.

通过氢化反应将温室气体CO ₂转化为高级醇（HAs）在C ₁化学中需要引起更多关注，因为C ₂₊醇类产品是作为燃料添加剂，反应溶剂和中间体的增值化学品。但是，由于CO ₂的化学惰性，各种反应路线的复杂性以及高级醇合成（HAS）中不受约束的表面部分导致的C–C偶合的不可控性，使得该方法难以实现。在这篇综述中，我们总结和分析了直接CO ₂催化HAS的最新进展。氢化。第一部分重点介绍了潜在的有前途的催化剂家族，包括贵金属类的催化剂，改性的钴基催化剂，改性的铜基催化剂和钼基催化剂，在每种情况下均具有促进剂和载体的作用。第二部分根据先前的实验结果回顾了可能的反应机理。在第三部分中讨论了用于该反应的理想催化剂体系的合理设计。