Sleep-disordered breathing and sleep-related symptoms are frequent in patients with severe amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). We aimed to describe sleep quality, sleep structure, and the occurrence of sleep-disordered breathing in patients with early ALS, at the time of initial evaluation in a tertiary care center. Sleep-related symptoms were collected using questionnaires, the Pittsburgh Sleep quality Index (PSQI), and the Epworth Sleepiness Scale. Sleep was studied by inpatient overnight polysomnography. Fourteen men and 13 women (age 66 ± 12 years, ALSFRS-R 39 ± 6) were included, among which 12 patients had disease with bulbar onset. Eighteen (69%) patients complained of insomnia, fifteen of which (55%) reported poor sleep quality (PSQI > 5). No patient had an Epworth Sleepiness Scale > 10. Respiratory and polysomnography characteristics were similar between patients with poor or good sleep quality. Sleep efficiency and REM sleep duration were normal relative to normative values, while wake after sleep onset was increased. Fifteen patients had obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (8 mild, 3 moderate, and 4 severe). No patient had central apnea syndrome. Insomnia was highly prevalent in patients with early ALS, independent of respiratory impairment. Poor sleep quality was strongly associated with insomnia.

中文翻译：

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诊断时，肌萎缩侧索硬化症患者经常失眠

严重肌萎缩侧索硬化 (ALS) 患者经常出现睡眠呼吸障碍和睡眠相关症状。我们旨在描述早期 ALS 患者在三级医疗中心进行初始评估时的睡眠质量、睡眠结构和睡眠呼吸障碍的发生情况。使用问卷、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数 (PSQI) 和 Epworth 嗜睡量表收集睡眠相关症状。通过住院患者过夜多导睡眠图研究睡眠。包括 14 名男性和 13 名女性（年龄 66 ± 12 岁，ALSFRS-R 39 ± 6），其中 12 名患者患有延髓起病。18 名 (69%) 患者抱怨失眠，其中 15 名 (55%) 报告睡眠质量差 (PSQI > 5)。没有患者的 Epworth 嗜睡量表 > 10。睡眠质量较差或较好的患者的呼吸和多导睡眠图特征相似。睡眠效率和 REM 睡眠持续时间相对于正常值是正常的，而入睡后醒来的时间增加。15 名患者患有阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征（8 名轻度、3 名中度和 4 名重度）。没有患者出现中枢性呼吸暂停综合征。失眠在早期 ALS 患者中非常普遍，与呼吸障碍无关。睡眠质量差与失眠密切相关。失眠在早期 ALS 患者中非常普遍，与呼吸障碍无关。睡眠质量差与失眠密切相关。失眠在早期 ALS 患者中非常普遍，与呼吸障碍无关。睡眠质量差与失眠密切相关。