The Brassica genus contains many agriculturally significant oilseed and vegetable crops, however the crop yield is threatened by a range of fungal and bacterial pathogens. Nucleotide Binding Site Leucine Rich Repeat (NLR) genes play important roles in plant innate immunity. The evolution of NLR genes is influenced by genomic processes and pathogen selection. At the whole genome level, whole genome duplications (WGDs) generate abundant gene copies, most of which are lost during genome fractionation. At sub‐genomic levels, some retained copies undergo duplication forming clusters which facilitate rapid evolution through recombination. The number, distribution and genetic variations of the NLR genes vary among Brassica species and within populations suggesting differential selection pressure exerted by pathogen populations throughout the evolutionary history. A study of the evolution of disease resistance genes in agriculturally important plants such as Brassicas helps gain insights into their function and inform the identification of resistance genes for breeding of resistant lines.

中文翻译：

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芸苔属核苷酸结合位点富含亮氨酸重复（NLR）基因的比较和进化分析及其对抗病育种的重要性

芸苔属包含许多具有重要农业意义的油料和蔬菜作物，但作物产量受到一系列真菌和细菌病原体的威胁。核苷酸结合位点富含亮氨酸重复 (NLR) 基因在植物先天免疫中起重要作用。NLR 基因的进化受基因组过程和病原体选择的影响。在全基因组水平上，全基因组重复 (WGD) 会产生丰富的基因拷贝，其中大部分在基因组分离过程中丢失。在亚基因组水平，一些保留的拷贝经历重复形成簇，通过重组促进快速进化。NLR基因的数量、分布和遗传变异在芸苔中存在差异物种和种群内表明病原体种群在整个进化历史中施加的差异选择压力。对重要农业植物（如芸苔属）中抗病基因进化的研究有助于深入了解它们的功能，并为鉴定抗性基因以培育抗性品系提供信息。