The intestine is inhabited by a diverse range of microorganisms, which requires the host to employ numerous barrier measures to prevent bacterial invasion. However, the intestinal microbiota additionally acts symbiotically with host cells to maintain epithelial barrier function, and perturbation to this interaction plays a pivotal role in intestinal pathogenesis. In this review, we highlight current findings of how the intestinal microbiota influences host intestinal epithelial cells. In particular, we review the roles of numerous microbial-derived products as well as mechanisms by which these microbial products influence the regulation of intestinal epithelial population dynamics and barrier function.

肠道内栖息着各种各样的微生物，这需要宿主采用多种屏障措施来防止细菌入侵。然而，肠道微生物群还与宿主细胞共生以维持上皮屏障功能，这种相互作用的扰动在肠道发病机制中起着关键作用。在这篇综述中，我们重点介绍了肠道微生物群如何影响宿主肠道上皮细胞的最新发现。特别是，我们回顾了许多微生物衍生产品的作用以及这些微生物产品影响肠上皮种群动态和屏障功能调节的机制。