Green remediation of soils highly contaminated with potentially toxic elements (PTEs) can be achieved using suitable plants. Such phytoremediation procedure often takes into consideration PTE concentrations in plants only, but not produced biomass. Phytoremediation potential of certain species of wild plants for PTEs in contaminated floodplain soils has not been assessed yet. Therefore, in this work 12 native species were tested, 3 of which (Poa angustifolia, Galium mollugo, and Stellaria holostea) to our knowledge have never been used before, in a two-year pot experiment and assessed their potential as phytoremediation species. The results showed that plant PTE concentrations were dramatically elevated for Cd and Zn in Alopecurus pratensis, Arrhenatherum elatius, Bromus inermis, Artemisia vulgaris, Achillea millefolium, Galium mollugo, Stellaria holostea, and Silene vulgaris. A. vulgaris was by far the most highly PTE absorbing plant among the 12 tested in this work, especially concerning Zn, Cd, and to a lesser degree Cu and Ni. Also, among species non-studied-before, G. mollugo and S. holostea were characterized by high Zn and Cd uptake, while P. angustifolia did not. Assessing the number of harvests necessary to decrease soil PTE to half of the initial concentrations, it was found that for Cd plants would achieve site phytoremediation within 8 (A. vulgaris) to 28 (S. holostea) and 51 (G. mollugo) harvests, while for Zn, harvests ranged from 104 (A. vulgaris) to 209 (S. holostea), and 251 (A. millefolium). A clear grouping of the tested species according to their functional type was evident. Herbaceous species were collectively more efficient than grasses in PTE uptake combined by high biomass accumulation; thus, they may act as key-species in a phytoremediation-related concept. Our approach puts phytoremediation into a practical perspective as to whether the process can be achieved within a measureable amount of time. In conclusion, A. vulgaris behaved as a hyperaccumulator plant species in our heavily contaminated soil, while never-studied-before G. mollugo and S. holostea also had a hyperaccumulator behavior, especially for Cd and Zn. Although more research is necessary for conclusive results, our study is pivotal in that it would help in assessing plant species as potential phytoremediation species in heavily contaminated soils.

使用合适的植物，可以对高度被潜在有毒元素（PTE）污染的土壤进行绿色修复。这种植物修复程序通常只考虑植物中PTE的浓度，而不考虑产生的生物量。尚未评估某些野生植物对受污染的洪泛区土壤中PTE的植物修复潜力。因此，在此工作12个乡土树种进行了测试，其中3个（早熟沙枣，猪殃殃粟米草属，和繁缕holostea）据我们所知，从来没有被使用过，在为期两年的盆栽试验，并评估它们作为植物修复的物种潜力。结果表明，草斑草中镉和锌的植物PTE浓度显着升高。，燕麦草，无芒雀麦，野艾蒿，欧蓍草，猪殃殃粟米草属，繁缕holostea和白玉草。迄今为止，普通农杆菌是这项工作中测试的12种植物中PTE吸收率最高的植物，尤其是涉及锌，镉以及程度较低的铜和镍。此外，在之前未研究的物种中，软体动物G. mollugo和链球菌S. holostea的特征是高Zn和Cd吸收，而P. angustifolia没有。评估将土壤PTE降低到初始浓度的一半所需的收成数量，发现对于Cd植物而言，将在8（A. vulgaris）至28（S. holostea）和51（G. mollugo）收成范围内实现植物修复。而锌的收获量在104（A. vulgaris）至209（S. holostea）和251（A. millefolium）之间。）。显然，根据其功能类型对测试物种进行了清晰的分组。总的来说，草本物种在PTE吸收和高生物量积累方面比草更有效。因此，它们可以作为植物修复相关概念中的关键物种。我们的方法将植物修复置于一个可行的角度，即该过程是否可以在可测量的时间内完成。总之，A.寻常的表现在我们的严重污染土壤超积累植物品种，而从来没有研究过，之前G.粟米草属和链球菌holostea还具有超蓄积行为，尤其是对于镉和锌。尽管需要更多的研究来得出结论，但我们的研究具有关键意义，因为它将有助于评估植物物种作为重度污染土壤中潜在的植物修复物种。