Abstract The effects of harvest and fluctuating environment on inter-dependent predators and prey are complex and not well-known. We define a stochastic model where the predators and prey dynamically interact. The novelty of the model holds on the fact that predators and prey dynamics are simultaneously affected by correlated environmental noises. Interacting predators and prey are harvested using a proportional threshold harvesting strategy that accounts for stochastic population dynamics. Optimal yield of prey can be obtained with identical harvesting strategies when the predators and prey responded to the environment similarly (i.e., synchrony between species) and differently (i.e., asynchrony between species). Remarkably, our study demonstrates that two different harvesting strategies, the proportional harvesting strategy for the prey and the proportional threshold harvesting strategy for the predators, are needed to optimize the annual yield of predators and prey when both species are harvested simultaneously. Our study finds optimal strategies for harvesting interacting species affected by environmental variations (i.e., correlated noises) with parameters representing the joint dynamics of predators and prey at a stable state.

中文翻译：

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在波动的环境中捕食捕食者和猎物的可持续战略

摘要 收获和波动的环境对相互依存的捕食者和猎物的影响是复杂的，并且鲜为人知。我们定义了一个随机模型，其中捕食者和猎物动态交互。该模型的新颖之处在于捕食者和猎物动态同时受到相关环境噪声的影响。相互作用的捕食者和猎物使用比例阈值采集策略进行采集，该策略考虑了随机种群动态。当捕食者和猎物对环境的反应相似（即物种之间的同步）和不同（即物种之间的异步）时，可以通过相同的收获策略获得最佳的猎物产量。值得注意的是，我们的研究表明，两种不同的收获策略，猎物的比例捕捞策略和捕食者的比例阈值捕捞策略，当两个物种同时捕捞时，需要优化捕食者和猎物的年产量。我们的研究找到了捕获受环境变化（即相关噪声）影响的相互作用物种的最佳策略，其参数代表稳定状态下捕食者和猎物的联合动态。