Multiple sclerosis is a neurodegenerative disease causing disability in young adults. Alterations in metabolism and lipid profile have been associated with this disease. Several studies have reported changes in the metabolism of arachidonic acid and the profile of fatty acids, ceramides, phospholipids and lipid peroxidation products. Nevertheless, the understanding of the modulation of circulating lipids at the molecular level in multiple sclerosis remains unclear. In the present study, we sought to assess the existence of a distinctive lipid signature of multiple sclerosis using an untargeted lipidomics approach. It also aimed to assess the differences in lipid profile between disease status (relapse and remission). For this, we used hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry for phospholipidomic profiling of serum samples from patients with multiple sclerosis. Our results demonstrated that multiple sclerosis has a phospholipidomic signature different from that of healthy controls, especially the PE, PC, LPE, ether-linked PE and ether-linked PC species. Plasmalogen PC and PE species, which are natural endogenous antioxidants, as well as PC and PE polyunsaturated fatty acid esterified species showed significantly lower levels in patients with multiple sclerosis and patients in both remission and relapse of multiple sclerosis. Our results show for the first time that the serum phospholipidome of multiple sclerosis is significantly different from that of healthy controls and that few phospholipids, with the lowest p-value, such as PC(34:3), PC(36:6), PE(40:10) and PC(38:1) may be suitable as biomarkers for clinical applications in multiple sclerosis.

多发性硬化症是一种神经退行性疾病，会引起年轻人的残疾。代谢和脂质分布的改变与该疾病有关。几项研究报告了花生四烯酸的代谢变化以及脂肪酸，神经酰胺，磷脂和脂质过氧化产物的概况。然而，对于多发性硬化症中分子水平的循环脂质调节的理解仍不清楚。在本研究中，我们试图使用非靶向脂质组学方法评估多发性硬化症独特脂质特征的存在。它还旨在评估疾病状态（复发和缓解）之间脂质谱的差异。为了这，我们使用亲水相互作用液相色谱和质谱联用对多发性硬化症患者的血清样本进行磷脂酶分析。我们的结果表明，多发性硬化症具有与健康对照组不同的磷脂质特征，尤其是PE，PC，LPE，醚连接的PE和醚连接的PC物种。血浆内源性抗氧化剂Plasmalogen PC和PE以及PC和PE多不饱和脂肪酸酯化物种在多发性硬化症患者以及多发性硬化症的缓解和复发患者中均显着降低水平。我们的结果首次显示多发性硬化症的血清磷脂组与健康人的对照组显着不同，p值最低的磷脂很少，例如PC（34：