With the rapid development of next-generation sequencing technology, chromosome structural variation has gradually gained increased clinical significance in tumorigenesis. However, the molecular mechanism(s) underlying this structural variation remain poorly understood. A search of the literature shows that a three-dimensional chromatin state plays a vital role in inducing structural variation and in the gene expression profiles in tumorigenesis. Structural variants may result in changes in copy number or deletions of coding sequences, as well as the perturbation of structural chromatin features, especially topological domains, and disruption of interactions between genes and their regulatory elements. This review focuses recent work aiming at elucidating how structural variations develop and misregulate oncogenes and tumor suppressors, to provide general insights into tumor formation mechanisms and to provide potential targets for future anticancer therapies.

中文翻译：

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肿瘤发生中的染色体结构变异：形成和致癌机制

随着下一代测序技术的飞速发展，染色体结构变异逐渐在肿瘤发生中具有越来越重要的临床意义。但是，仍然不清楚这种结构变化的分子机制。文献检索表明，三维染色质状态在诱导结构变异和肿瘤发生的基因表达谱中起着至关重要的作用。结构变体可能导致拷贝数的变化或编码序列的缺失，以及结构染色质特征（尤其是拓扑结构域）的扰动，以及基因及其调控元件之间相互作用的破坏。这篇综述着重于最近的工作，旨在阐明结构变异是如何发展和错误调节癌基因和抑癌基因的，