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Using Zebrafish to Model Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Comparison of ASD Risk Genes Between Zebrafish and Their Mammalian Counterparts
Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience ( IF 4.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-10-08 , DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2020.575575
Victoria Rea , Terence J. Van Raay

Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are a highly variable and complex set of neurological disorders that alter neurodevelopment and cognitive function, which usually presents with social and learning impairments accompanied with other comorbid symptoms like hypersensitivity or hyposensitivity, or repetitive behaviors. Autism can be caused by genetic and/or environmental factors and unraveling the etiology of ASD has proven challenging, especially given that different genetic mutations can cause both similar and different phenotypes that all fall within the autism spectrum. Furthermore, the list of ASD risk genes is ever increasing making it difficult to synthesize a common theme. The use of rodent models to enhance ASD research is invaluable and is beginning to unravel the underlying molecular mechanisms of this disease. Recently, zebrafish have been recognized as a useful model of neurodevelopmental disorders with regards to genetics, pharmacology and behavior and one of the main foundations supporting autism research (SFARI) recently identified 12 ASD risk genes with validated zebrafish mutant models. Here, we describe what is known about those 12 ASD risk genes in human, mice and zebrafish to better facilitate this research. We also describe several non-genetic models including pharmacological and gnotobiotic models that are used in zebrafish to study ASD.



中文翻译:

使用斑马鱼建模自闭症谱系障碍:斑马鱼和它们的哺乳动物对应的ASD风险基因的比较

自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)是一组高度可变和复杂的神经系统疾病,会改变神经发育和认知功能,通常表现为社交和学习障碍,并伴有其他合并症,如超敏反应或低敏反应或重复性行为。自闭症可能是由遗传和/或环境因素引起的,而揭开ASD的病因已被证明具有挑战性,尤其是考虑到不同的基因突变会引起相似和不同的表型,而这些表型都属于自闭症谱系。此外,ASD风险基因的清单不断增加,使得难以合成一个共同的主题。使用啮齿动物模型来增强ASD研究的价值是无价的,并且正在开始阐明该疾病的潜在分子机制。最近,在遗传学,药理学和行为方面,斑马鱼被认为是一种有用的神经发育障碍模型,自闭症研究(SFARI)的主要基础之一是最近通过验证的斑马鱼突变体模型确定了12种ASD风险基因。在这里,我们描述了有关人类,小鼠和斑马鱼中这12种ASD风险基因的已知信息,以更好地促进这项研究。我们还描述了几种非遗传模型,包括用于斑马鱼研究ASD的药理学和gnotobiotic模型。我们描述了有关人类,小鼠和斑马鱼中这12种ASD风险基因的已知信息,以更好地促进这项研究。我们还描述了几种非遗传模型,包括用于斑马鱼研究ASD的药理学和gnotobiotic模型。我们描述了有关人类,小鼠和斑马鱼中这12种ASD风险基因的已知信息,以更好地促进这项研究。我们还描述了几种非遗传模型,包括用于斑马鱼研究ASD的药理学和gnotobiotic模型。

更新日期:2020-11-12
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