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Precipitation and the Associated Moist Static Energy Budget off Western Australia in Conjunction with Ningaloo Niño
Frontiers in Earth Science ( IF 2.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-10-12 , DOI: 10.3389/feart.2020.597915
Tao Zheng , Tao Feng , Kang Xu , Xuhua Cheng

Ningaloo Niño is a well-known ocean-atmosphere coupled climate event in the southeastern Indian Ocean that interacts with large-scale atmospheric circulations at the interannual time scale. When a Ningaloo Niño develops, remarkably enhanced precipitation anomalies occur primarily off the coast of northwestern Australia (NWA) rather than over the offshore area of western Australia (WA), where the most significant sea surface temperature warming prevails. This enhanced NWA precipitation manifests as jointly intensified stratiform and convective precipitation accompanied by an increase in high cloud cover. Further analyses of the column-integrated moist static energy (MSE) budget reveal that during Ningaloo Niño events, positive vertical MSE transport moistens and heats the atmosphere in the WA region. However, these moistening and heating effects are mostly offset by the inhibitory effect of the negative horizontal MSE advection, leading to the relatively weak and nonsignificant variation in local precipitation anomalies off the WA coastal region. In contrast, off the coast of the NWA region, the recharge of column-integrated MSE, which is induced by the significant positive radiative and surface heating, horizontal MSE advection, and vertical MSE advection, contributes to the heaviest austral summer precipitation associated with Ningaloo Niño. Therefore, the distinct MSE transport processes result in the particular rainfall pattern in which the most enhanced rainfall is associated with Ningaloo Niño events over the NWA region.



中文翻译:

与NingalooNiño结合的西澳大利亚州的降水和相关的潮湿静态能源预算

NingalooNiño是印度洋东南部的一个著名的海气耦合气候事件,在年际尺度上与大规模大气环流相互作用。当NingalooNiño发育时,降水异常明显增强,主要发生在澳大利亚西北部(NWA)沿海地区,而不是西澳大利亚州(WA)沿海地区,那里是最严重的海表温度变暖现象。NWA降水的增加表现为层状和对流降水共同加剧,同时高云量增加。对色谱柱综合湿静能量(MSE)预算的进一步分析表明,在NingalooNiño事件期间,正向垂直MSE输运会润湿并加热西澳大利亚州地区的大气。然而,这些增湿和加热作用大部分被负水平MSE平流的抑制作用所抵消,导致西澳沿海地区局部降水异常变化相对较弱且不显着。相比之下,在西北水域的沿海地区,明显的正向辐射和地面加热,水平的MSE平流和垂直的MSE平流引起的列集成MSE的补给,导致了Ningaloo夏季最南端的降水尼诺 因此,独特的MSE输送过程导致了特殊的降雨模式,其中最大的降雨与NWA地区的NingalooNiño事件有关。导致西澳沿海地区局部降水异常变化相对较弱且不显着。相比之下,在西北水域的沿海地区,明显的正向辐射和地面加热,水平的MSE平流和垂直的MSE平流引起的列集成MSE的补给,导致了Ningaloo夏季最南端的降水尼诺 因此,独特的MSE输送过程导致了特殊的降雨模式,其中最大的降雨与NWA地区的NingalooNiño事件有关。导致西澳沿海地区局部降水异常变化相对较弱且不显着。相比之下,在西北水域的沿海地区,明显的正向辐射和地面加热,水平的MSE平流和垂直的MSE平流引起的列集成MSE的补给,导致了Ningaloo夏季最南端的降水尼诺 因此,独特的MSE输送过程导致了特殊的降雨模式,其中最大的降雨与NWA地区的NingalooNiño事件有关。MSE水平对流和MSE垂直对流是造成NingalooNiño夏季南方最大降水的原因。因此,独特的MSE输送过程导致了特殊的降雨模式,其中最大的降雨与NWA地区的NingalooNiño事件有关。MSE水平对流和MSE垂直对流是造成NingalooNiño夏季南方最大降水的原因。因此,独特的MSE输送过程导致了特殊的降雨模式,其中最大的降雨与NWA地区的NingalooNiño事件有关。

更新日期:2020-11-12
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