Background: Application and development of the artificial intelligence technology have generated a profound impact in the field of medical imaging. It helps medical personnel to make an early and more accurate diagnosis. Recently, the deep convolution neural network is emerging as a principal machine learning method in computer vision and has received significant attention in medical imaging. Key Message: In this paper, we will review recent advances in artificial intelligence, machine learning, and deep convolution neural network, focusing on their applications in medical image processing. To illustrate with a concrete example, we discuss in detail the architecture of a convolution neural network through visualization to help understand its internal working mechanism. Summary: This review discusses several open questions, current trends, and critical challenges faced by medical image processing and artificial intelligence technology.
Acta Cytologica

中文翻译：

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医学图像处理的最新进展

背景：人工智能技术的应用和发展在医学影像领域产生了深远的影响。它可以帮助医务人员做出早期和更准确的诊断。最近，深度卷积神经网络正在成为计算机视觉中的主要机器学习方法，并在医学成像中受到了极大的关注。关键信息：在本文中，我们将回顾人工智能、机器学习和深度卷积神经网络的最新进展，重点介绍它们在医学图像处理中的应用。为了通过一个具体的例子来说明，我们通过可视化详细讨论了卷积神经网络的架构，以帮助理解其内部工作机制。概括：本综述讨论了医学图像处理和人工智能技术面临的几个悬而未决的问题、当前趋势和关键挑战。
细胞学学报