Abstract Hyaluronic acid (HA) is widely distributed in the human body, and it is heavily involved in many physiological functions such as tissue hydration, wound repair, and cell migration. In recent years, HA and its derivatives have been widely used as advanced bioactive polymers for bone regeneration. Many medical products containing HA have been developed because this natural polymer has been proven to be nontoxic, noninflammatory, biodegradable, and biocompatible. Moreover, HA-based composite scaffolds have shown good potential for promoting osteogenesis and mineralization. Recently, many HA-based biomaterials have been fabricated for bone regeneration by combining with electrospinning and 3D printing technology. In this review, the polymer structures, processing, properties, and applications in bone tissue engineering are summarized. The challenges and prospects of HA polymers are also discussed.

中文翻译：

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透明质酸作为骨组织再生的生物活性成分：制造、修饰、特性和生物学功能

摘要 透明质酸（HA）在人体内分布广泛，参与组织水化、伤口修复、细胞迁移等多种生理功能。近年来，HA及其衍生物被广泛用作骨再生的先进生物活性聚合物。许多含有 HA 的医疗产品已被开发出来，因为这种天然聚合物已被证明无毒、无炎症、可生物降解和生物相容性。此外，基于 HA 的复合支架已显示出促进成骨和矿化的良好潜力。最近，通过结合静电纺丝和 3D 打印技术，已经制造了许多基于 HA 的生物材料用于骨再生。在这篇综述中，总结了聚合物的结构、加工、性能和在骨组织工程中的应用。