Abstract Ammonia is an example of a zero-carbon fuel of high interest for implementation in gas turbine technologies. Preliminary analyses showed that a basic humidified ammonia-hydrogen Brayton cycle can produce total plant efficiencies of ~34%. However, further improvements are required to make these units competitive to current fossil-based plants whose efficiencies are above 80%. Thus, this work seeks to numerically and analytically demonstrate the implementation of a complex cycle that will increase final efficiencies whilst using the full potential of ammonia as a cooling fluid, power fuel and heating gas (i.e. trigeneration cycle) with heat district distribution. Therefore, a basic gas turbine cycle was inserted into a two-shaft, reverse Brayton gas turbine plant facility. In order to improve combustion and reduce emissions, a Rich-Quench-Lean system was integrated into the analysis by resolving the combustion performance via CHEMKIN-PRO. Detailed sensitivity analyses were also conducted throughout the burner to identify the key reactions responsible for both flame stability and NO formation/reburn pathways, which are vital for future safe and efficient operation of these types of cycles. The study shows that the total efficiency has significantly increased when compared to the basic turbine facility, with a value ~59%. Moreover, low emissions were accomplished below current European NOx thresholds. The obtained values show a significant potential for the utilisation of ammoni-based blends with steam injection in gas turbine facilities through employment of novel cycles that consider lower dilution in the combustion sector in combination with novel ammonia combustion systems and trigeneration concepts.

中文翻译：

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三代燃气轮机循环中的加湿氨/氢 RQL 燃烧

摘要 氨是一种在燃气轮机技术中实施的零碳燃料的例子。初步分析表明，基本的加湿氨氢布雷顿循环可以产生约 34% 的总植物效率。然而，需要进一步改进，使这些装置与目前效率超过 80% 的化石燃料电厂相比具有竞争力。因此，这项工作旨在通过数值和分析证明复杂循环的实施，该循环将提高最终效率，同时充分利用氨作为冷却流体、动力燃料和加热气体（即三联产循环）的热区分布。因此，一个基本的燃气轮机循环被插入到一个两轴反向布雷顿燃气轮机工厂设施中。为了改善燃烧和减少排放，通过 CHEMKIN-PRO 解析燃烧性能，将 Rich-Quench-Lean 系统集成到分析中。还在整个燃烧器中进行了详细的敏感性分析，以确定导致火焰稳定性和 NO 形成/再燃烧途径的关键反应，这对于这些类型循环的未来安全和高效运行至关重要。研究表明，与基本涡轮机设施相比，总效率显着提高，约为 59%。此外，在低于当前欧洲 NOx 阈值的情况下实现了低排放。