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The role of myoglobin in the evolution of mammalian diving capacity – The August Krogh principle applied in molecular and evolutionary physiology
Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology A: Molecular & Integrative Physiology ( IF 2.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-11-10 , DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2020.110843
Michael Berenbrink 1
Affiliation  

After the Devonian tetrapod land invasion, groups of terrestrial air-breathing and endothermic mammals repeatedly went back to live in the sea, relying on air intake at the surface for extended breath-hold dives to forage underwater, often at great depths and even in the coldest oceans. Studies on the physiological mechanisms behind prolonged breath-hold diving have a long history, including August Krogh's estimates of the maximal dive duration of the blue whale. Yet the molecular underpinnings of such extreme physiological adaptations are only beginning to be understood. The present review focuses on the molecular properties of the respiratory protein myoglobin that has repeatedly evolved an elevated net positive surface charge in several distantly related groups of diving mammals. This has enabled substantial increases of maximal myoglobin concentration in muscle cells, and hence muscle oxygen storage capacity and maximal dive duration. Using myoglobin net surface charge as a marker has allowed unprecedented insights into the evolution of mammal diving capacity and into the general mechanisms of adaptive protein evolution. From these findings it is argued, in an extension of the August Krogh principle, that for a large number of problems in molecular and evolutionary physiology there will be some protein of choice, or a few such proteins, on which it can be most conveniently studied.



中文翻译:

肌红蛋白在哺乳动物潜水能力进化中的作用–奥古斯特·克罗格原理在分子和进化生理学中的应用

泥盆纪四足动物的土地入侵后,一群陆地呼吸和吸热哺乳动物反复返回海中生活,依靠地表的进气口进行长时间屏气潜水,以在水下深处觅食,甚至在很深的地方觅食。最冷的海洋。关于长时间屏气潜水的生理机制的研究已有悠久的历史,包括奥古斯特·克罗格(August Krogh)对蓝鲸最大潜水时间的估计。然而,这种极端生理适应的分子基础才刚刚开始被理解。本综述集中在呼吸蛋白肌红蛋白的分子特性上,该蛋白在潜水哺乳动物的几个远距离相关的组中反复产生了升高的净正表面电荷。这使得肌肉细胞中最大的肌红蛋白浓度大大增加,从而增加了肌肉的氧气储存能力和最大的潜水时间。使用肌红蛋白净表面电荷作为标记,已经使人们对哺乳动物潜水能力的进化以及适应性蛋白质进化的一般机制有了空前的见识。从这些发现出发,在对August Krogh原理的扩展中,有人提出,对于分子和进化生理学中的大量问题,将选择某些蛋白质,或者少数这样的蛋白质,可以最方便地对其进行研究。 。使用肌红蛋白净表面电荷作为标记,已经使人们对哺乳动物潜水能力的进化以及适应性蛋白质进化的一般机制有了空前的见识。从这些发现出发,在对August Krogh原理的扩展中,有人提出,对于分子和进化生理学中的大量问题,将选择某些蛋白质,或者少数这样的蛋白质,可以最方便地对其进行研究。 。使用肌红蛋白净表面电荷作为标记,已经使人们对哺乳动物潜水能力的进化以及适应性蛋白质进化的一般机制有了空前的见识。从这些发现出发,在对August Krogh原理的扩展中,有人提出,对于分子和进化生理学中的大量问题,将选择某些蛋白质,或者少数这样的蛋白质,可以最方便地对其进行研究。 。

更新日期:2020-11-12
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