We study how dense multi-antenna millimeter wave (mmWave) cellular network performance scales in terms of the base station (BS) spatial density $\lambda $ , by studying the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) and the area spectral efficiency (ASE). If the number of antennas at each BS scales at least linearly with $\lambda $ , which increases the number of possible beam configurations and their main-lobe gain, and decreases their side-lobe gain, we prove that the SINR approaches a finite random variable that is independent of $\lambda $ and the ASE scales at least linearly with $\lambda $ . In contrast, if the number of antennas scales sub-linearly with $\lambda $ , then the SINR decays to zero and the ASE saturates to a constant. Thus, by moving to higher carrier frequencies with successively smaller antennas, and exploiting the correspondingly increased directionality, cellular operators can in principle avoid the densification plateau (or collapse) in cellular networks and instead continue to harvest linear sum throughput gains through BS densification.

中文翻译：

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通过毫米波波束成形摆脱蜂窝网络的密集化平台

我们研究了密集多天线毫米波 (mmWave) 蜂窝网络性能如何在基站 (BS) 空间密度方面扩展 $\lambda $ ，通过研究信号干扰加噪声比 (SINR) 和区域频谱效率 (ASE)。如果每个基站的天线数量至少与 $\lambda $ ，这增加了可能的波束配置及其主瓣增益的数量，并降低了它们的旁瓣增益，我们证明了 SINR 接近一个独立的有限随机变量 $\lambda $ 并且 ASE 至少与 $\lambda $ . 相反，如果天线数量与 $\lambda $ ，然后 SINR 衰减到零并且 ASE 饱和到一个常数。因此，通过使用越来越小的天线移动到更高的载波频率，并利用相应增加的方向性，蜂窝运营商原则上可以避免蜂窝网络中的密集化平台（或崩溃），而是继续通过 BS 密集化获得线性总吞吐量增益。