Dielectric ceramic capacitors are fundamental energy storage components in advanced electronics and electric power systems owing to their high power density and ultrafast charge and discharge rate. However, simultaneously achieving high energy storage density, high efficiency and excellent temperature stability has been a huge challenge for the practical capacitor applications of dielectric ceramics. These concerns have been addressed herein in relaxor ferroelectric grain core–shell structured 0.87BaTiO₃–0.13Bi(Zn_2/3(Nb_0.85Ta_0.15)_1/3)O₃@SiO₂ multilayer ceramic capacitors (MLCCs) via our multiscale optimization strategy from atomic scale, to grain scale to device scale designs to increase the breakdown field strength and decrease the leakage current, which generates superior energy storage performance with a giant discharge energy density of 18.24 J cm⁻³, ultrahigh efficiency over 94.5%, and excellent temperature stability (<10%, 25 to 190 °C) and cycling stability. Compared with the 0.87BaTiO₃–0.13Bi(Zn_2/3(Nb_0.85Ta_0.15)_1/3)O₃ MLCC counterpart without SiO₂ coating, the discharge energy density was enhanced by 80%. The multiscale optimization strategy should be a universal approach to improve the overall energy storage performance in dielectric ceramic multilayer capacitors.

中文翻译：

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通过多尺度优化策略实现无铅多层陶瓷电容器的超高储能性能

介电陶瓷电容器由于具有高功率密度和超快的充电和放电速率，因此是高级电子和电力系统中的基本能量存储组件。然而，对于介电陶瓷的实际电容器应用而言，同时实现高能量存储密度，高效率和优异的温度稳定性一直是巨大的挑战。这些问题已在弛豫铁电晶粒核-壳结构的0.87BaTiO ₃ –0.13Bi（Zn _2/3（Nb _0.85 Ta _0.15）_1/3）O ₃ @SiO ₂多层陶瓷电容器（MLCC）中得到了解决。我们从原子尺度到晶粒尺度再到器件尺度设计的多尺度优化策略，可增加击穿场强并降低漏电流，从而产生了卓越的储能性能，其巨大的放电能量密度为18.24 J cm ^-3，超高效率超过94.5 ％，以及出色的温度稳定性（<10％，25至190°C）和循环稳定性。与没有SiO ₂的0.87BaTiO ₃ –0.13Bi（Zn _2/3（Nb _0.85 Ta _0.15）_1/3）O ₃ MLCC对应物相比涂层，放电能量密度提高了80％。多尺度优化策略应该是提高介电陶瓷多层电容器整体能量存储性能的通用方法。