Ginseng is a traditional medicine with a complex chemical composition, wide bioactivity and unique pharmacological action. Many studies have confirmed that ginsenosides are the active ingredients of ginseng, and ginsenosides have always been the focus of different researchers. With the development of modern separation and analysis technology, more than 150 kinds of ginsenosides have been isolated. The ginsenosides Rb1, Rb2, Rc, Rg1 and Re account for more than 80% of total ginsenosides, and other saponins, such as Rd, Rg3 and Rh2, which are minor constituents, accounting for only a small portion of the total amount. In recent years, ginsenosides have been found to possess strong pharmacological activities, such as antioxidation, clearing of oxygen free radicals, reducing calcium overload and anti-apoptosis. Ginsenosides play a protective role in ischemia-reperfusion injury. This paper reviews the protective effects of ginsenosides on myocardial ischemia and ischemiareperfusion injury.

人参是具有复杂化学成分，广泛的生物活性和独特的药理作用的传统药物。许多研究已经证实人参皂甙是人参的活性成分，而人参皂甙一直是不同研究者关注的焦点。随着现代分离分析技术的发展，已分离出150多种人参皂苷。人参皂苷Rb1，Rb2，Rc，Rg1和Re占总人参皂苷的80％以上，而其他皂苷如Rd，Rg3和Rh2则为次要成分，仅占总量的一小部分。近年来，人参皂苷被发现具有强大的药理活性，例如抗氧化，清除氧自由基，减少钙超载和抗凋亡。人参皂甙在缺血再灌注损伤中起保护作用。本文综述了人参皂甙对心肌缺血和缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用。