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Shining the light on congenital syphilis: from TORCH to SCORTCH
Archives of Disease in Childhood ( IF 5.2 ) Pub Date : 2021-10-01 , DOI: 10.1136/archdischild-2019-318503
Helen Fifer 1 , Gwenda Hughes 2 , Shamez Ladhani 3, 4
Affiliation  

Syphilis has re-emerged as a significant public health threat in recent years. While most cases of syphilis are currently diagnosed in low-income and middle-income countries, the incidence of syphilis has been increasing in Western industrialised countries since the 1990s, particularly among gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men (MSM).1 Increased rates among heterosexuals in these countries have also been reported in more recent years, most often in marginalised populations.2 In England, there were 7982 diagnoses of syphilis during 2019, a 200% increase since 2010. Although three-quarters of cases were diagnosed in MSM, cases in heterosexual men and women have increased by 69% and 117%, respectively, between 2015 and 2019, and the number of cases of congenital syphilis (CS) has also increased.3 The underlying drivers of the increase in heterosexually acquired syphilis cases in England remain unclear. Syphilis is caused by Treponema pallidum subspecies pallidum and is typically transmitted by direct contact with an infectious lesion during sexual intercourse. The clinical presentation of syphilis is divided into three stages, primary, secondary and tertiary, and the first two are the most infectious stages. Typically, primary syphilis presents as a painless ulcer (chancre) which usually occurs in genital sites and resolves within 3 to 8 weeks. If left untreated, 25% of patients will develop secondary syphilis, a systemic disease characterised by fever, rash and lymphadenopathy. Secondary syphilis will resolve spontaneously in 3 to 12 weeks and all untreated cases will progress to latent (asymptomatic) infection, with …

中文翻译:

照亮先天性梅毒:从 TORCH 到 SCORTCH

近年来,梅毒重新成为一个重大的公共卫生威胁。虽然目前大多数梅毒病例是在低收入和中等收入国家确诊的,但自 1990 年代以来,西方工业化国家的梅毒发病率一直在增加,尤其是在男同性恋、双性恋和其他男男性行为者 (MSM) 中。 1 近年来,这些国家的异性恋者发病率也有所增加,最常见的是边缘化人群。2 在英格兰,2019 年有 7982 例梅毒诊断,自 2010 年以来增加了 200%。尽管四分之三的病例是在 MSM 诊断中,异性恋男性和女性的病例在 2015 年和 2019 年之间分别增加了 69% 和 117%,并且先天性梅毒 (CS) 的病例数也有所增加。3 英国异性恋梅毒病例增加的潜在驱动因素仍不清楚。梅毒由梅毒螺旋体亚种引起,通常通过性交过程中直接接触传染性病变传播。梅毒的临床表现分为一期、二期和三期三个阶段,其中前两个阶段是传染性最强的阶段。通常,一期梅毒表现为无痛性溃疡(下疳),通常发生在生殖器部位,并在 3 至 8 周内消退。如果不及时治疗,25% 的患者会发展为二期梅毒,这是一种以发热、皮疹和淋巴结肿大为特征的全身性疾病。二期梅毒将在 3 至 12 周内自行消退,所有未经治疗的病例将发展为潜伏(无症状)感染,并伴有…… 梅毒由梅毒螺旋体亚种引起,通常通过性交过程中直接接触传染性病变传播。梅毒的临床表现分为一期、二期和三期三个阶段,其中前两个阶段是传染性最强的阶段。通常,一期梅毒表现为无痛性溃疡(下疳),通常发生在生殖器部位,并在 3 至 8 周内消退。如果不及时治疗,25% 的患者会发展为二期梅毒,这是一种以发热、皮疹和淋巴结肿大为特征的全身性疾病。二期梅毒将在 3 至 12 周内自行消退,所有未经治疗的病例将发展为潜伏(无症状)感染,并伴有…… 梅毒由梅毒螺旋体亚种引起,通常通过性交过程中直接接触传染性病变传播。梅毒的临床表现分为一期、二期和三期三个阶段,其中前两个阶段是传染性最强的阶段。通常,一期梅毒表现为无痛性溃疡(下疳),通常发生在生殖器部位,并在 3 至 8 周内消退。如果不及时治疗,25% 的患者会发展为二期梅毒,这是一种以发热、皮疹和淋巴结肿大为特征的全身性疾病。二期梅毒将在 3 至 12 周内自行消退,所有未经治疗的病例将发展为潜伏(无症状)感染,并伴有…… 前两个是最具传染性的阶段。通常,一期梅毒表现为无痛性溃疡(下疳),通常发生在生殖器部位,并在 3 至 8 周内消退。如果不及时治疗,25% 的患者会发展为二期梅毒,这是一种以发热、皮疹和淋巴结肿大为特征的全身性疾病。二期梅毒将在 3 至 12 周内自行消退,所有未经治疗的病例将发展为潜伏(无症状)感染,并伴有…… 前两个是最具传染性的阶段。通常,一期梅毒表现为无痛性溃疡(下疳),通常发生在生殖器部位,并在 3 至 8 周内消退。如果不及时治疗,25% 的患者会发展为二期梅毒,这是一种以发热、皮疹和淋巴结肿大为特征的全身性疾病。二期梅毒将在 3 至 12 周内自行消退,所有未经治疗的病例将发展为潜伏(无症状)感染,并伴有……
更新日期:2021-09-17
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