Ice slurry is an advanced secondary refrigerant that has been attracting considerable attention for the past decade due to the growing concerns regarding energy shortage and environmental protection. To stimulate the potential applications of ice slurry, the corresponding pressure drop of this refrigerant must be comprehensively investigated. The flow of ice slurry is a complex phenomenon that is affected by various parameters, including flow velocity, ice particle size, and ice mass fraction. To predict the pressure drop of ice slurry flow in pipes, a mixture computational fluid dynamic model was adopted to simulate a two-phase flow without considering ice melting. The numerical calculations were performed on a wide range of six ice particle sizes (0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 0.75, 1, and 1.2 mm) and ice mass fraction ranging within 5%–20% in the laminar range of ice slurry flow. The numerical model was validated using experimental data. Results showed that the ice volumetric loading and flow velocity have a direct effect on pressure drop; it increases with the increase in volumetric concentration and flow velocity. The findings also confirmed that for constant ice mass fraction and flow velocity, the pressure drop is directly and inversely related to the particle and pipe diameters, respectively. Moreover, the rise in pressure drop is more significant for large ice particle diameter in comparison to smaller size ice particles at high values of ice concentration and flow velocity.

中文翻译：

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变冰粒直径下等温冰浆流压降特性的数值研究

冰浆是一种先进的二次制冷剂，由于人们对能源短缺和环境保护的日益关注，在过去十年中一直受到广泛关注。为了刺激冰浆的潜在应用，必须全面研究这种制冷剂的相应压降。冰浆的流动是一种复杂的现象，受各种参数的影响，包括流速、冰粒径和冰质量分数。为了预测管道中冰浆流的压降，采用混合计算流体动力学模型模拟两相流，不考虑冰融化。数值计算是在六种冰粒度（0.1、0.3、0.5、0.75、1和1. 2 mm）和冰浆流层流范围内的冰质量分数范围在 5%–20% 之间。使用实验数据验证了数值模型。结果表明，冰体积载荷和流速对压降有直接影响；它随着体积浓度和流速的增加而增加。研究结果还证实，对于恒定的冰质量分数和流速，压降分别与颗粒和管道直径成正比和负相关。此外，在冰浓度和流速较高的情况下，与较小尺寸的冰颗粒相比，大冰颗粒直径的压降上升更为显着。结果表明，冰体积载荷和流速对压降有直接影响；它随着体积浓度和流速的增加而增加。研究结果还证实，对于恒定的冰质量分数和流速，压降分别与颗粒和管道直径成正比和负相关。此外，在冰浓度和流速较高的情况下，与较小尺寸的冰颗粒相比，大冰颗粒直径的压降上升更为显着。结果表明，冰体积载荷和流速对压降有直接影响；它随着体积浓度和流速的增加而增加。研究结果还证实，对于恒定的冰质量分数和流速，压降分别与颗粒和管道直径成正比和负相关。此外，在冰浓度和流速较高的情况下，与较小尺寸的冰颗粒相比，大冰颗粒直径的压降上升更为显着。