The new speciesPsoroma capenseandP. esterhuyseniaeare described from four alpine localities in the Western Cape Province of South Africa and are the only knownPsoromaspecies from Africa. The specimens were all collected from moist sites near watercourses, on cool and mostly south-facing cliffs.Psoroma capenseresemblesP. tenuein gross morphology but differs in the ascending thallus squamules, lack of secondary compounds and short-ellipsoid to ovoid ascospores. However, a phylogenetic analysis involving the markers ITS, nucLSU, mtSSU andMcm7, comparing the only recent collection ofP. capensewith previously published sequences, shows that it belongs to theP. hypnorumlineage, with no known, closely related species.Psoroma esterhuyseniaeresemblesP. hypnorumbut has subglobose to short-ellipsoid ascospores without apical perispore extensions. The two species are thought to have evolved from one or two long-distance dispersal events during the Pleistocene.

中文翻译：

---

Psoroma capense and P. esterhuyseniae(Pannariaceae)，两种来自南非的高山新种

新物种山核桃和P.esterhuyseniae描述于南非西开普省的四个高山地区，是唯一已知的肉瘤来自非洲的物种。这些标本都是从靠近水道的潮湿地点采集的，位于凉爽且大部分朝南的悬崖上。山核桃类似于P.tenue大体形态不同，但在上升的鳞状体鳞片、缺乏次生化合物和短椭圆形至卵形子囊孢子方面有所不同。然而，涉及标记 ITS、nucLSU、mtSSU 和MCM7，比较最近的唯一集合P. capense与以前发表的序列，表明它属于P. hypnorum谱系，没有已知的密切相关的物种。醋栗类似于P. hypnorum但有近球形到短椭圆形的子囊孢子，没有顶端的周孢子延伸。这两个物种被认为是从更新世期间的一两次长距离扩散事件进化而来的。