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Chemico-genetic discovery of astrocytic control of inhibition in vivo
Nature ( IF 64.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-11-11 , DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2926-0
Tetsuya Takano 1 , John T Wallace 1 , Katherine T Baldwin 1 , Alicia M Purkey 1 , Akiyoshi Uezu 1 , Jamie L Courtland 2 , Erik J Soderblom 1, 3 , Tomomi Shimogori 4 , Patricia F Maness 5, 6 , Cagla Eroglu 1, 2 , Scott H Soderling 1, 2
Affiliation  

Perisynaptic astrocytic processes are an integral part of central nervous system synapses 1 , 2 ; however, the molecular mechanisms that govern astrocyte–synapse adhesions and how astrocyte contacts control synapse formation and function are largely unknown. Here we use an in vivo chemico-genetic approach that applies a cell-surface fragment complementation strategy, Split-TurboID, and identify a proteome that is enriched at astrocyte–neuron junctions in vivo, which includes neuronal cell adhesion molecule (NRCAM). We find that NRCAM is expressed in cortical astrocytes, localizes to perisynaptic contacts and is required to restrict neuropil infiltration by astrocytic processes. Furthermore, we show that astrocytic NRCAM interacts transcellularly with neuronal NRCAM coupled to gephyrin at inhibitory postsynapses. Depletion of astrocytic NRCAM reduces numbers of inhibitory synapses without altering glutamatergic synaptic density. Moreover, loss of astrocytic NRCAM markedly decreases inhibitory synaptic function, with minor effects on excitation. Thus, our results present a proteomic framework for how astrocytes interface with neurons and reveal how astrocytes control GABAergic synapse formation and function. A cell-surface fragment complementation strategy is used to identify the proteome at the junction of astrocytes and synapses in vivo, and shows that NRCAM expressed in astrocytes has a key role in regulating inhibitory synapse function.

中文翻译:

星形胶质细胞体内抑制控制的化学遗传学发现

突触周围星形胶质细胞过程是中枢神经系统突触 1、2 不可或缺的一部分;然而,控制星形胶质细胞-突触粘附的分子机制以及星形胶质细胞接触如何控制突触形成和功能在很大程度上是未知的。在这里,我们使用一种体内化学遗传学方法,该方法应用细胞表面片段互补策略 Split-TurboID,并识别在体内星形胶质细胞-神经元连接处富集的蛋白质组,其中包括神经元细胞粘附分子 (NRCAM)。我们发现 NRCAM 在皮质星形胶质细胞中表达,定位于突触周围接触,并且需要通过星形胶质细胞过程来限制神经细胞浸润。此外,我们表明星形胶质细胞 NRCAM 与神经元 NRCAM 在抑制性突触后与 gephyrin 耦合跨细胞相互作用。星形胶质细胞 NRCAM 的消耗减少了抑制性突触的数量,而不改变谷氨酸能突触密度。此外,星形胶质细胞 NRCAM 的缺失显着降低了抑制性突触功能,对兴奋的影响很小。因此,我们的结果提出了星形胶质细胞如何与神经元相互作用的蛋白质组学框架,并揭示了星形胶质细胞如何控制 GABA 能突触的形成和功能。细胞表面片段互补策略用于鉴定体内星形胶质细胞和突触连接处的蛋白质组,并表明星形胶质细胞中表达的 NRCAM 在调节抑制性突触功能中具有关键作用。我们的结果展示了星形胶质细胞如何与神经元相互作用的蛋白质组学框架,并揭示了星形胶质细胞如何控制 GABA 能突触的形成和功能。细胞表面片段互补策略用于鉴定体内星形胶质细胞和突触连接处的蛋白质组,并表明星形胶质细胞中表达的 NRCAM 在调节抑制性突触功能中具有关键作用。我们的结果展示了星形胶质细胞如何与神经元相互作用的蛋白质组学框架,并揭示了星形胶质细胞如何控制 GABA 能突触的形成和功能。细胞表面片段互补策略用于鉴定体内星形胶质细胞和突触连接处的蛋白质组,并表明星形胶质细胞中表达的 NRCAM 在调节抑制性突触功能中具有关键作用。
更新日期:2020-11-11
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