Rapid population growth and industrialization have driven the emergence of advanced electrochemical and membrane technologies for environmental and energy applications. Electrochemical processes have potential for chemical transformations, chloralkali disinfection, and energy storage. Membrane separations have potential for gas, fluid, and chemical purification. Electrochemical and membrane technologies are often used additively in the same unit process, e.g., the chloroalkali process where a membrane is used to separate cathodic and anodic products from scavenging each other. However, to access the maximal potential requires intimate hybridization of the two technologies into an electroactive membrane. The combination of the two discrete technologies results in a range of synergisms such as reduced footprint, increased processing kinetics, reduced fouling, and increased energy efficiency.

中文翻译：

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电活性碳纳米管膜在环境中的应用前景

人口的快速增长和工业化推动了用于环境和能源应用的先进电化学和膜技术的出现。电化学过程具有化学转化，氯碱消毒和能量存储的潜力。膜分离具有潜在的气体，流体和化学净化作用。电化学和膜技术通常在同一单元过程中相加使用，例如，氯碱过程，其中膜用于将阴极和阳极产物彼此清除而分离。然而，为了获得最大的潜力，需要将两种技术紧密杂交成电活性膜。两种离散技术的结合产生了一系列协同效应，例如减少了占地面积，增加了处理动力学，