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Fertilisation schemes based on organic amendments; decomposition and nutrient contribution of traditionally used species in an indigenous region of southern Mexico
Biological Agriculture & Horticulture ( IF 1.5 ) Pub Date : 2020-11-11 , DOI: 10.1080/01448765.2020.1837673
A. Silva-Galicia 1 , R. X. Álvarez-Espino 2 , E. Sosa-Montes 3 , E. Ceccon 4
Affiliation  

ABSTRACT The use of organic soil amendments to sustain crop production provides a feasible option for low-income farmers. In La Montaña, in southern Mexico, farmers grow organic hibiscus (Hibiscus sabdariffa) as their main source of income, but yields are low. The aim of this study was to evaluate the decomposition and nutrient release of different species traditionally used by farmers and to make recommendations for their use as soil amendments. The decomposition of Mucuna pruriens, Calliandra houstoniana and stover of hibiscus (separately and as 1:1 mixtures) was evaluated using litterbags in the field, analysing dry weight and chemical components of the remaining litter at monthly intervals. Mucuna on its own and mixtures containing this species, decomposed on average 50% faster than the other amendments. Mucuna on its own released the highest amount of nitrogen (155 kg ha−1 year−1), which was in excess of that required by the hibiscus crop (45 kg nitrogen ha−1 year−1). To complement crop nutrition whilst minimising nitrogen losses and improving soil quality, the calliandra-mucuna mixture was proposed as the most promising amendment, because: (i) the nitrogen demand of the hibiscus crop was met (75.7 kg ha−1 year−1), (ii) the asynchrony of available nutrients was minimised as half of the mass of the amendment had decomposed by the time of the flowering stage of the hibiscus, and (iii) it contributed carbon and nutrients to the soil organic matter. This information can be used to promote agroforestry systems that include mucuna and calliandra trees in hibiscus plantations.

中文翻译:

基于有机添加物的施肥计划;墨西哥南部土著地区传统使用物种的分解和营养贡献

摘要 使用有机土壤改良剂来维持作物生产为低收入农民提供了一个可行的选择。在墨西哥南部的拉蒙塔尼亚,农民种植有机木槿(Hibiscus sabdariffa)作为他们的主要收入来源,但产量很低。本研究的目的是评估农民传统上使用的不同物种的分解和养分释放,并就它们作为土壤改良剂的使用提出建议。在田间使用垃圾袋评估黧豆粉、Calliandra houstoniana 和芙蓉秸秆(单独和作为 1:1 混合物)的分解,每月分析剩余垃圾的干重和化学成分。黧豆本身和含有该物种的混合物的分解速度平均比其他修正快 50%。Mucuna 自身释放的氮量最高(155 kg ha-1 year-1),超过了芙蓉作物所需的氮量(45 kg ha-1 year-1)。为了补充作物营养,同时最大限度地减少氮损失并改善土壤质量,建议将 calliandra-mucuna 混合物作为最有希望的改良剂,因为:(i) 满足了芙蓉作物的氮需求(75.7 kg ha-1 year-1) , (ii) 可用养分的不同步性被最小化,因为在芙蓉开花阶段,一半的改良剂已经分解,并且 (iii) 它为土壤有机质提供了碳和养分。该信息可用于促进包括木槿种植园中的黧豆树和花楸树在内的农林业系统。这超过了芙蓉作物所需的量(45 kg 氮 ha-1 年-1)。为了补充作物营养,同时最大限度地减少氮损失并改善土壤质量,建议将 calliandra-mucuna 混合物作为最有希望的改良剂,因为:(i) 满足了芙蓉作物的氮需求(75.7 kg ha-1 year-1) , (ii) 可用养分的不同步性被最小化,因为在芙蓉开花阶段,一半的改良剂已经分解,并且 (iii) 它为土壤有机质提供了碳和养分。该信息可用于促进包括木槿种植园中的黧豆树和花楸树在内的农林业系统。这超过了芙蓉作物所需的量(45 kg 氮 ha-1 年-1)。为了补充作物营养,同时最大限度地减少氮损失并改善土壤质量,建议将 calliandra-mucuna 混合物作为最有希望的改良剂,因为:(i) 满足了芙蓉作物的氮需求(75.7 kg ha-1 year-1) , (ii) 可用养分的不同步性被最小化,因为在芙蓉开花阶段,一半的改良剂已经分解,并且 (iii) 它为土壤有机质提供了碳和养分。该信息可用于促进包括木槿种植园中的黧豆树和花楸树在内的农林业系统。calliandra-mucuna 混合物被提议为最有希望的修正,因为:(i) 满足了芙蓉作物的氮需求(75.7 kg ha-1 年-1),(ii) 可用养分的不同步性减至一半到芙蓉开花期时,大部分改良剂已经分解,并且 (iii) 它为土壤有机质提供了碳和养分。该信息可用于促进包括木槿种植园中的黧豆树和花楸树在内的农林业系统。calliandra-mucuna 混合物被提议为最有希望的修正,因为:(i) 满足了芙蓉作物的氮需求(75.7 kg ha-1 年-1),(ii) 可用养分的不同步性减至一半到芙蓉开花期时,大部分改良剂已经分解,并且 (iii) 它为土壤有机质提供了碳和养分。该信息可用于促进包括木槿种植园中的黧豆树和花楸树在内的农林业系统。(iii) 它为土壤有机质贡献了碳和养分。该信息可用于促进包括木槿种植园中的黧豆树和花楸树在内的农林业系统。(iii) 它为土壤有机质贡献了碳和养分。该信息可用于促进包括木槿种植园中的黧豆树和花楸树在内的农林业系统。
更新日期:2020-11-11
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