ABSTRACT

Introduction: Thanks to antiretroviral therapy (ART), persons living with HIV (PLWH), have a longer life expectancy. However, immune activation and inflammation remain elevated, even after viral suppression, and contribute to morbidity and mortality in these individuals.

Areas covered: We review aspects related to immune activation and inflammation in PLWH, their consequences, and the potential strategies to reduce immune activation in HIV-infected individuals on ART.

Expert opinion: When addressing a problem, it is necessary to thoroughly understand the topic. This is the main limitation faced when dealing with immune activation and inflammation in PLWH since there is no consensus on the ideal markers to evaluate immune activation or inflammation. To date, the different interventions that have addressed this problem by targeting specific mediators have not been able to significantly reduce immune activation or its consequences. Given that there is currently no curative intervention for HIV infection, more studies are necessary to understand the mechanism underlying immune activation and help to identify potential therapeutic targets that contribute to improving the life expectancy of HIV-infected individuals.

摘要

简介: 由于抗逆转录病毒疗法 (ART)，艾滋病毒感染者 (PLWH) 的预期寿命更长。然而，即使在病毒抑制之后，免疫激活和炎症仍然升高，并导致这些个体的发病率和死亡率。

涵盖的领域：我们回顾了与 PLWH 中的免疫激活和炎症相关的方面、它们的后果以及减少 HIV 感染者接受 ART 免疫激活的潜在策略。

专家意见：在解决问题时，必须彻底了解主题。这是在处理 PLWH 中的免疫激活和炎症时面临的主要限制，因为对于评估免疫激活或炎症的理想标志物没有达成共识。迄今为止，通过针对特定介质解决这一问题的不同干预措施未能显着减少免疫激活或其后果。鉴于目前尚无针对 HIV 感染的治愈性干预措施，因此需要进行更多研究以了解免疫激活的潜在机制，并有助于确定有助于提高 HIV 感染者预期寿命的潜在治疗靶点。