Anglers face constraints that influence participation and dropout rates. Some recreational anglers may be able to negotiate constraints by altering the timing or frequency of participation, acquiring new skills, or modifying nonrecreational aspects such as family or work responsibilities. We consider data collected via a mail survey from Georgia‐resident trout license holders to identify both perceived constraints and strategies used to negotiate them. To capture variation among anglers, survey responses were grouped by level of angler specialization using K‐means cluster analysis, which resulted in a three‐cluster solution of most, moderately, and least specialized anglers. Analyses of variance were used to detect potential differences among the three specialization clusters. Tests revealed that the least specialized anglers experienced constraints more intensely than the most or moderately specialized anglers. Likewise, least specialized anglers were less able to negotiate constraints when compared to the most or moderately specialized anglers. However, the least specialized anglers used negotiation strategies involving overcoming perceived lack of skill more intensely than their counterparts. The most intensely experienced constraints overall were lack of time due to work or family obligations and distance to Georgia’s trout waters from home. The most intensely used negotiation strategies overall were “learn to enjoy being outside and stress less about catching fish” and “encourage family or friends to go fishing with me.” This research benefits fishery managers by providing a method of identifying angling groups that perceive more constraints and are less likely to overcome these constraints through constraint negotiation strategies. With this information, managers may choose to tailor efforts towards reducing constraints for angling groups that have low participation and may drop out of the activity all together.

中文翻译：

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基于钓鱼者专业化水平的佐治亚州鳟鱼捕捞的知觉约束和谈判

钓鱼者面临着影响参与和辍学率的限制。一些娱乐垂钓者可能能够通过改变参与时间或频率，获取新技能或修改非娱乐方面（例如家庭或工作职责）来协商约束。我们考虑通过邮件调查从佐治亚州居民鳟鱼许可证持有者那里收集的数据，以识别感知到的限制和用于协商的限制。为了捕获钓鱼者之间的差异，使用K对钓鱼者的专业化程度进行分组调查。-均值聚类分析，从而得出了大多数，中度和最少专业钓鱼者的三集群解决方案。方差分析用于检测三个专业化集群之间的潜在差异。测试表明，最不专业的钓鱼者比最专业的或中等专业的钓鱼者受到的约束更强烈。同样，与大多数或中等专业的钓鱼者相比，最不专业的钓鱼者较难协商约束。但是，最不专业的垂钓者使用的谈判策略要比同龄人更加激烈地克服人们认为缺乏技能的情况。总的来说，经历最激烈的限制是由于工作或家庭义务而缺乏时间以及离家到佐治亚州鳟鱼水域的距离。总体上使用最广泛的谈判策略是“学会享受在户外活动的乐趣，减少对捕捞鱼的压力”和“鼓励家人或朋友和我一起钓鱼”。这项研究通过提供一种识别钓鱼群体的方法而使渔业管理人员受益，这些钓鱼群体感知到更多的约束并且不太可能通过约束协商策略来克服这些约束。有了这些信息，管理者可以选择做出努力，以减少对参与度低并且可能一起退出活动的钓鱼群体的限制。这项研究通过提供一种方法来识别钓鱼群体，使他们受益更多，而这些群体不太可能通过约束谈判策略克服这些约束，从而使渔业管理人员受益。有了这些信息，管理者可以选择做出努力，以减少对参与度低并且可能一起退出活动的钓鱼群体的限制。这项研究通过提供一种方法来识别钓鱼群体，使他们受益更多，而这些群体不太可能通过约束谈判策略克服这些约束，从而使渔业管理人员受益。有了这些信息，管理者可以选择做出努力，以减少对参与度低并且可能一起退出活动的钓鱼群体的限制。