An integrated multi-trophic aquaculture (IMTA) system, with one fish cage model surrounded by an island and shellfish rafts, was used in the current study. Planktonic and sediment bacterial communities in the IMTA system were monitored over four seasons in 2019. In both plankton and sediment samples, the most dominant phyla were Proteobacteria and Bacteroidota. Sediment bacteria samples were more similar and had higher levels of biodiversity than planktonic bacteria samples. Obvious seasonal variations were found in plankton samples, but not in sediment samples. No obvious inter-site variations in planktonic and sediment bacteria (fish cages, shellfish rafts and control sites) were found and the results suggested that no obvious impact of feeding operations in fish culture cage model on bacterial communities in the IMTA system was observed in this study. Based on the sequence data, some fecal indicator bacteria and potentially pathogenic bacterial species were detected. According to the results, the bacterial water quality in the IMTA system was acceptable. PICRUSt (Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States) analysis revealed that the primary difference in potential functional roles of planktonic and sediment bacteria was amino acid transport and metabolism, which was active in different seasons.

中文翻译：

---

综合海水养殖系统中的浮游和沉积物细菌群落

目前的研究使用了一个综合多营养水产养殖 (IMTA) 系统，其中一个鱼笼模型被一个岛屿和贝类筏包围。2019 年对 IMTA 系统中的浮游和沉积物细菌群落进行了四个季节的监测。 在浮游生物和沉积物样本中，最主要的门是变形杆菌和拟杆菌。与浮游细菌样品相比，沉积物细菌样品更相似，生物多样性水平更高。在浮游生物样本中发现了明显的季节性变化，但在沉积物样本中没有发现。浮游生物和沉积物细菌（鱼笼、贝类筏和控制点），结果表明，在这项研究中没有观察到鱼养殖网箱模型中的饲养操作对 IMTA 系统中的细菌群落有明显影响。根据序列数据，检测到一些粪便指示菌和潜在致病菌。根据结果​​，IMTA系统中的细菌水质是可以接受的。PICRUSt（通过重建未观察到的状态对群落进行系统发育调查）分析表明，浮游细菌和沉积物细菌潜在功能作用的主要差异是氨基酸运输和代谢，其在不同季节活跃。IMTA 系统中的细菌水质是可以接受的。PICRUSt（通过重建未观察到的状态对群落进行系统发育调查）分析表明，浮游细菌和沉积物细菌潜在功能作用的主要差异是氨基酸运输和代谢，其在不同季节活跃。IMTA 系统中的细菌水质是可以接受的。PICRUSt（通过重建未观察到的状态对群落进行系统发育调查）分析表明，浮游细菌和沉积物细菌潜在功能作用的主要差异是氨基酸运输和代谢，其在不同季节活跃。