• The interaction of mineral nutrients with metals/metalloids and signalling molecules is well known. In the present study, we investigated the effect of phosphorus (P) in mitigation of arsenic (As) stress in mustard (Brassica juncea L.).
• The study was conducted to investigate potential of 30 mg P·kg⁻¹ soil P supplement (diammonium phosphate) to cope up with the adverse effects of As stress (24 mg As·kg⁻¹ soil) in mustard plants
• Supplementation of P influenced nitric oxide (NO) generation, which up‐regulated proline metabolism, ascorbate–glutathione system and glyoxalase system and alleviated the effects of on photosynthesis and growth. Arsenic stress generated ROS and methylglyoxal content was scavenged through P‐mediated NO, and reduced As translocation from roots to leaves. The involvement of NO under P‐mediated alleviation of As stress was substantiated with the use of cPTIO (NO biosynthesis inhibitor) and SNP (NO inducer). The reversal of P effects on photosynthesis under As stress with the use of cPTIO emphasized the role of P‐mediated NO in mitigation of As stress and protection of photosynthesis
• The results suggested that P reversed As‐induced oxidative stress by modulation of NO formation, which regulated antioxidant machinery. Thus, P‐induced regulatory interaction between NO and reversal of As‐induced oxidative stress for the protection of photosynthesis may be suggested for sustainable crops.

中文翻译：

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补充磷可调节一氧化氮的生物合成并稳定防御系统，从而提高芥菜的砷胁迫耐受性

• 矿物养分与金属/准金属和信号分子的相互作用是众所周知的。在本研究中，我们研究了磷（P）在缓解芥菜（Brassica juncea L.）中砷（As）胁迫方面的作用。
• 进行了这项研究，以研究30 mg P·kg ^-1土壤P补充剂（磷酸二铵）应对芥菜植物中As胁迫（24 mg As·kg ^-1土壤）的不利影响的潜力。
• 磷的添加会影响一氧化氮（NO）的生成，从而上调脯氨酸代谢，抗坏血酸-谷胱甘肽系统和乙二醛酶系统，并减轻其对光合作用和生长的影响。砷胁迫产生的ROS和甲基乙二醛含量通过P介导的NO被清除，并减少了砷从根到叶的转运。通过使用cPTIO（一氧化氮生物合成抑制剂）和SNP（一氧化氮诱导剂）可证实NO参与P介导的As胁迫缓解。利用cPTIO逆转As胁迫下P对光合作用的影响，强调了P介导的NO在缓解As胁迫和保护光合作用方面的作用。
• 结果表明，P通过调节NO的形成来逆转As诱导的氧化应激，从而调节抗氧化剂的机制。因此，对于可持续作物，建议使用P诱导的NO和逆转As诱导的氧化胁迫之间的调节相互作用来保护光合作用。