Hydroxyapatite (HA) is the main inorganic component of human bone. Inspired by nacre and cortical bone, hydroxyapatite-based coil scaffolds were successfully prepared. The scaffolds presented “brick and mortar” multi-layered structure of nacre and multi-layered concentric circular structure of cortical bone. Because of bioactive components and hierarchical structure, the scaffolds possessed good compressive strength (≈95 MPa), flexural strength (≈161 MPa) and toughness (≈1.1 MJ/m³). In addition, they showed improved angiogenesis and osteogenesis in rat and rabbit critical sized bone defect models. By mimicking co-biological systems, this work provided a feasible strategy to optimize the properties of traditional tissue engineering biological materials for vascularized bone regeneration.

羟基磷灰石（HA）是人体骨骼的主要无机成分。受珍珠质和皮质骨的启发，成功制备了基于羟基磷灰石的线圈支架。支架呈现出珍珠砖的“砖和灰浆”多层结构和皮质骨的多层同心圆形结构。由于具有生物活性成分和层次结构，这些脚手架具有良好的抗压强度（≈95MPa），抗弯强度（≈161MPa）和韧性（≈1.1MJ / m ³）。此外，它们在大鼠和兔子的临界骨缺损模型中显示出改善的血管生成和成骨作用。通过模仿共生物系统，这项工作提供了一种可行的策略，可以优化传统组织工程生物材料的特性，以用于血管化骨再生。