Abstract

The current study discourses the impact of variation in PM_2.5 concentration on the ambient air quality of Delhi. The 24-hourly PM_2.5 concentration dataset was obtained from air quality measurement site (Anand Vihar) of Delhi Pollution Control Committee (DPCC) for the duration of April 2015 to December 2018. The annual and seasonal variability in the trend of ambient PM_2.5 along with cumulative impact of meteorological parameters have been analyzed. The overall percentage increase in annual PM_2.5 concentration, compared to National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) guidelines, is observed to be 286.09%. The maximum concentration of fine particulate matter was recorded to be 788.6 µg/m³ during post-monsoon season and it was found to be associated with lower ambient temperature of 21.34°C and wind speed of 0.33 m/sec. Further, PM_2.5 concentration was found to be correlated with CO (R = 0.6515) and NH₃ (R = 0.6396) indicating similar sources of emission. Further, backward trajectory analysis revealed contribution in PM_2.5 concentration from the states of Punjab and Haryana. The results indicated that particulate pollution is likely to occur in urban atmospheric environments with low temperatures and low wind speeds.

Research highlights

• PM_2.5/PM₁₀ ratio was observed to be highest in November, December and January, attributing aggravated levels of particle pollution to anthropogenic sources.

• Seasonal analysis of PM_2.5 concentration indicated that particulate pollution was severe during post monsoon and winter months.

• Carbon monoxide (R = 0.6515; R² = 0.4244) and Ammonia (R = 0.6396; R² = 0.4088) were found to be correlated with PM_2.5.

• Backward air mass trajectory depicted that air mass direction was coming to the receptor site (Anand Vihar) from the states of Haryana and Punjab.

中文翻译：

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细颗粒物污染和周围空气质量：以印度德里的一个城市为例

摘要

当前的研究论述了PM _2.5浓度变化对德里环境空气质量的影响。从德里污染控制委员会（DPCC）的空气质量测量站点（Anand Vihar）获得2015年4月至2018年12月的24小时PM _2.5浓度数据集。环境PM _2.5趋势的年度和季节性变化沿分析了具有累积影响的气象参数。与国家环境空气质量标准（NAAQS）指南相比，年度PM _2.5浓度的总体增加百分比为286.09％。细颗粒物的最大浓度记录为788.6 µg / m ³在季风后的季节，它与较低的环境温度21.34°C和风速0.33 m / sec有关。此外，发现PM _2.5浓度与CO（R = 0.6515）和NH ₃（R = 0.6396）相关，表明排放源相似。此外，向后的轨迹分析揭示了旁遮普邦和哈里亚纳邦对PM _2.5浓度的贡献。结果表明，在低温，低风速的城市大气环境中，很可能发生颗粒物污染。

研究重点

• 在11月，12月和1月发现PM _2.5 / PM ₁₀比率最高，这是由于人为污染源加剧了颗粒物污染水平。

• 对PM _2.5浓度的季节性分析表明，季风后和冬季月份颗粒物污染严重。

• 一氧化碳（R = 0.6515; R ² = 0.4244）和氨（R = 0.6396; R ² = 0.4088）被发现与PM _2.5相关。

• 向后的空气质量轨迹表明，空气质量方向从哈里亚纳邦和旁遮普邦到达接收器位置（阿南德·维哈尔）。