Among marine animals, ascidians represent the most highly evolved group for marine natural products having rich source of bioactive secondary metabolites with promising potential biomedical applications. In this study, an analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-pyretic activities of Phallusia nigra were performed. The acute toxicity (LD50) was calculated, and the intraperitoneal route was estimated to be 235.09, 252.90, and 295.59 mg/kg with 95% confidence limits for methanolic extract (ME), acetonitrile extract (ANE), and acetone extract (AE) respectively. Histopathological observations revealed the toxic effects of different crude extracts of P. nigra, which were more analogous on the organs such as the lungs, liver, and kidneys of the test animals. Analgesic response of acetonitrile fraction II (ANF2) was higher than all the crude extracts as well as the fractions tested, and it was very low in acetone fraction I (AF1). In addition to that, different extracts and their fractions obtained from P. nigra was potential to reduce the edema induced by carrageenan (500 μg/paw) in a duration dependent manner. Our study again proves that compounds isolated from lower forms (ascidians) showed tremendous effects in mice without any deleterious effect generally provoked during chemical drug treatments.

中文翻译：

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使用小鼠模型探索黑被囊动物 Phallusia nigra (Savigny, 1816) 的急性毒性、镇痛、抗炎和解热活性。

在海洋动物中，海鞘是海洋天然产物中进化程度最高的群体，具有丰富的生物活性次生代谢物来源，具有潜在的生物医学应用前景。在这项研究中，进行了黑法松的镇痛、抗炎和解热活性。计算了急性毒性 (LD50)，腹膜内途径估计为 235.09、252.90 和 295.59 mg/kg，甲醇提取物 (ME)、乙腈提取物 (ANE) 和丙酮提取物 (AE) 的置信限为 95%分别。组织病理学观察揭示了不同的黑黑杨粗提物的毒性作用，它们对试验动物的肺、肝和肾等器官的毒性作用更为相似。乙腈馏分 II (ANF2) 的镇痛反应高于所有粗提物以及测试的馏分，而丙酮馏分 I (AF1) 的镇痛反应非常低。除此之外，从 P. nigra 获得的不同提取物及其级分有可能以持续时间依赖的方式减少由角叉菜胶（500 μg/爪）引起的水肿。我们的研究再次证明，从低等形式（海鞘）中分离出的化合物在小鼠中显示出巨大的影响，而在化学药物治疗过程中通常不会引起任何有害影响。