We discuss an experiment to investigate neutrino physics at the LHC, with emphasis on tau flavour. As described in our previous paper Beni etal (2019 J. Phys. G: Nucl. Part. Phys. 46 115008), the detector can be installed in the decommissioned TI18 tunnel, ≈480 m downstream the ATLAS cavern, after the first bending dipoles of the LHC arc. The detector intercepts the intense neutrino flux, generated by the LHC beams colliding in IP1, at large pseudorapidity η, where neutrino energies can exceed a TeV. This paper focuses on exploring the neutrino pseudorapity versus energy phase space available in TI18 in order to optimize the detector location and acceptance for neutrinos originating at the pp interaction point, in contrast to neutrinos from pion and kaon decays. The studies are based on the comparison of simulated pp collisions at 13 TeV: PYTHIA events of heavy quark (c and b) production, compared to DPMJET minimum bias events (including charm) with produced particles traced through realistic LHC optics with FLUKA. Our studies favour a configuration where the detector is positioned off the beam axis, slightly above the ideal prolongation of the LHC beam from the straight section, covering 7.4 < η < 9.2. In this configuration, the flux at high energies (0.5–1.5 TeV and beyond) is found to be dominated by neutrinos originating directly from IP1, mostly from charm decays, of which ≈50% are electron neutrinos and ≈5% are tau neutrinos. The contribution of pion and kaon decays to the muon neutrino flux is found small at those high energies. With 150 fb⁻¹ of delivered LHC luminosity in Run 3 the experiment can record a few thousand very high energy neutrino charged current (CC) interactions and over 50 tau neutrino CC events. These events provide useful information in view of a high statistics experiment at HL–LHC. The electron and muon neutrino samples can extend the knowledge of the charm PDF to a new region of x, which is dominated by theory uncertainties. The tau neutrino sample can provide first experience on reconstruction of tau neutrino events in a very boosted regime.

我们在大型强子对撞机中讨论了一项研究中微子物理学的实验，重点是tau风味。如在我们以前的纸张贝尼描述等人（2019 J.物理学G：。。NUCL部分物理学 46 115008）时，检测器可以安装在退役TI18隧道，≈480米下游的ATLAS洞穴中，第一弯曲的偶极子后大型强子对撞弧的 检测器在较大的假快速率η处拦截由LHC光束碰撞IP1产生的强烈的中微子通量，其中中微子的能量可以超过TeV。本文着重探讨TI18中可用的中微子假随机性与能量相空间的关系，以优化探测器在pp相互作用点产生的中微子的位置和接受度，而与来自pion和kaon衰变的中微子相反。这些研究是基于对在13 TeV：重夸克（c和b）产生的PYTHIA事件与模拟DppJET最小偏差事件（包括魅力）之间的模拟pp碰撞的比较，而DPMJET最小偏差事件（包括魅力）与通过真实的LHC光学器件使用FLUKA追踪的产生的颗粒相比较。我们的研究偏向于这样一种配置，其中检测器位于光束轴之外，比直截面的LHC光束的理想延伸略高，覆盖范围7.4 < η<9.2。在这种配置下，发现高能量（0.5–1.5 TeV或更高）的通量被直接源自IP1的中微子所控制，主要来自于魅力衰变，其中≈50％是电子中微子，而5％是tau中微子。在那些高能量下，发现介子和钾离子对介子中微子通量的贡献较小。在运行3中，传递的LHC光度为150 fb ^-1时，该实验可以记录数千个非常高能量的中微子带电电流（CC）相互作用，以及超过50个tau中微子CC事件。鉴于HL-LHC的高统计实验，这些事件提供了有用的信息。电子和介子中微子样本可以将魅力PDF的知识扩展到x的新区域，这受理论不确定性的支配。τ中微子样品可以在非常强大的条件下为重建tau中微子事件提供初步经验。