The coefficient of lateral earth pressure at rest (K₀) and stress-dependent shear wave velocity (V_s) of granular soils under one-dimensional compression loading were measured using a modified floating wall consolidometer-type bender element testing system. The V_s of the granular soils was monitored through paired bender elements installed in the floating wall and on top and base platens, and the V_s anisotropy of the soils was investigated by comparing the V_s values in three orthogonal directions. Granular materials such as glass beads (GB) and Ottawa sand with different shapes and sizes were adopted and the effects of particle shape and size and stress level on K₀ and V_s anisotropy were discussed. From the laboratory observations, K₀ was found to be dependent on the particle shape and surface roughness. The anisotropic stress state was found to play a major role in governing the V_s anisotropy of the GB; however, the V_s anisotropy of the sand resulted from the inherent geometry/fabric anisotropy and manifested by the anisotropic stress state. In addition, the degree of cross-anisotropy was defined and used to evaluate the cross-anisotropic properties of the geomaterials.

中文翻译：

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粒状土的K0和Vs各向异性的测量及相关性

使用改进的浮墙固结式弯管机试验系统，测量了一维压缩载荷下粒状土的静息侧向土压力系数（K ₀）和应力相关的剪切波速度（V _s）。的V_小号粒状污垢的通过配对弯管机安装在浮动壁和顶部和底部压板元件监测，并且V_小号土壤的各向异性是通过比较研究V_小号三个正交方向上的值。采用玻璃珠（GB）和渥太华砂等不同形状和大小的颗粒材料，讨论了颗粒形状，大小和应力水平对K ₀和V _s各向异性的影响。从实验室观察，发现K ₀取决于颗粒形状和表面粗糙度。发现各向异性应力状态在控制GB的V _s各向异性中起着重要作用。但是，V _s砂的各向异性是由固有的几何形状/织物各向异性引起的，并由各向异性应力状态表现出来。另外，定义了各向异性的程度，并将其用于评估土工材料的各向异性。