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Reconfigurable method of smart antenna beam shaping in indoor fading environment using adaptive algorithms: An exhaustive experimental study
International Journal of RF and Microwave Computer-Aided Engineering ( IF 1.7 ) Pub Date : 2020-11-07 , DOI: 10.1002/mmce.22482
SK Imtiaj 1 , Sandipan Bhattacharya 1 , Iti Saha Misra 1
Affiliation  

Adaptive algorithms for beam shaping of a phased array antenna and multiple‐input multiple‐output (MIMO) system gaining importance in today's advanced wireless networks to mitigate interference effects and distortion in the receiving signal due to multipath, small scale, and large scale fading effects. This article deals with the development of reconfigurable field programmable gate array (FPGA)‐based hardware for smart antenna system to explore parameter dependencies, drawbacks, and relative performance comparison of popular adaptive beamforming and interference suppression algorithms. These are least mean square, recursive least squares (RLS), and sample matrix inversion (SMI) used in real‐time under laboratory environment where the existing wireless channel between transmitters and receivers is linear time‐varying in nature due to presence of secondary sources giving rise to small‐scale fading. For this at first, we propose a novel received signal strength indicator‐based procedure to measure the radiation pattern of the antenna under an echoic indoor environment on a reconfigurable and portable FPGA system named wireless open‐access research platform (WARP), controllable by generic programming codes over a user‐friendly MATLAB interface. For better performance, the SMI algorithm was modified to increase block size rather than block shifting in general SMI. Later a comparative study was performed under varying conditions to observe the best utilization of three adaptive algorithms in beam shaping. In all cases, SMI performs the best with less beam shaping error and faster convergence, validating its use in a real‐time fading environment.

中文翻译:

使用自适应算法的室内衰落环境中智能天线波束成形的可重构方法:详尽的实验研究

用于相控阵天线和多输入多输出(MIMO)系统的波束成形的自适应算法在当今的高级无线网络中日益重要,以减轻由于多径,小规模和大规模衰落效应而引起的干扰效应和接收信号失真。 。本文讨论了用于智能天线系统的基于可重构现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)的硬件的开发,以探讨流行的自适应波束形成和干扰抑制算法的参数依赖性,缺点以及相对性能比较。这些是最小均方,递归最小二乘(RLS),实验室环境中实时使用的采样矩阵求逆(SMI),由于存在次要信号源,导致小规模衰落,因此发射机和接收机之间的现有无线信道本质上是线性时变的。为此,我们首先提出了一种新颖的基于接收信号强度指示器的程序,该程序可在可重配置的便携式FPGA系统上测量回声室内环境下天线的辐射方向图,该系统称为无线开放访问研究平台(WARP),可由通用控制通过用户友好的MATLAB界面编程代码。为了获得更好的性能,对SMI算法进行了修改,以增加块大小,而不是普通SMI中的块移位。后来在不同条件下进行了比较研究,以观察到三种自适应算法在波束成形中的最佳利用。在所有情况下,SMI均表现最佳,波束成形误差更小,收敛速度更快,从而验证了其在实时衰落环境中的使用。
更新日期:2020-12-02
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