Comparative information on the composition and diversity in tree species associations in Miombo woodland is limited. This study assessed how tree species associations across forest reserves of Miombo woodland in Malawi varied in composition and diversity concerning site factors and resource use disturbances under co‐management versus government management. Eighty nested circular plots, randomly selected in ArcGIS, were sampled to record stem diameter at breast height (DBH) of tree species: 0.04 ha for stems 5–29.9 cm DBH and 0.16 ha for stems ≥30 cm DBH. The recorded 109 tree species grouped into communities and 14 sub‐communities, using stem counts by species in TWINSPAN analysis. Sub‐divisions to level 5 showed eigenvalues ≥0.3, symbolising the stability of sub‐divisions. North/South sub‐divisions related to site factors; historical/current resource use influenced differences at levels 3–5. Species importance differed, indicating few important species in each sub‐community. Brachystegia and Julbernardia species showed importance across sub‐communities while Uapaca sansibarica in government management. Disturbances stimulated high species diversity. Recommendations include the need for a policy review towards group‐felling mature stands to stimulate regeneration and selective thinning of suppressed stems in stand development stages to maintain species diversity, productive recovery, diverse resource use value, and monitoring of harvesting impacts.

中文翻译：

---

联合管理和政府管理制之间的米伦博林地树木种类组成和多样性，马拉维

关于Miombo林地树种协会的组成和多样性的比较信息有限。这项研究评估了马拉维Miombo林地森林保护区的树种协会如何在共同管理与政府管理下，在场地因素和资源利用干扰方面的组成和多样性发生变化。对在ArcGIS中随机选择的80个嵌套圆图进行采样，以记录树种的胸高（DBH）的茎直径：5–29.9 cm DBH的茎为0.04 ha，≥30cm DBH的茎为0.16 ha。使用TWINSPAN分析中按物种进行的茎计数，记录了109个树种，分为社区和14个子社区。级别5的细分显示的特征值≥0.3，表示细分的稳定性。与场地因素有关的北/南分区；历史/当前资源使用影响了3-5级的差异。物种重要性不同，表明每个亚社区的重要物种很少。Brachystegia和Julbernardia物种在各个亚社区都显示出重要性，而Uapaca sansibarica在政府管理中表现出重要作用。骚动刺激了物种的高度多样性。建议包括需要对成群采伐的成熟林进行政策审查，以刺激林分发育阶段受抑制茎的再生和选择性间伐，以维持物种多样性，生产性恢复，多样化的资源利用价值以及监测收获影响。