Abstract Nuclear materials can be utilized not only for peaceful uses, but also for military purposes; hence, the international community has devoted itself to the control, management and safeguarding of nuclear materials. Nuclear materials are of varying degrees of usability for development of nuclear weapons. Thus, several methods for assessing the attractiveness of nuclear materials for nuclear weapons purposes have been proposed. When these methods are applied to unirradiated depleted, natural, and low-enriched uranium (DU, NU, and LEU), they are certainly classified as non-attractive nuclear materials. However, when nuclear material attractiveness is to be evaluated for potential radiological dispersal device (RDD) uses, it is required to develop a different method for the different aspects and factors. In the present study, we derived a novel method for evaluating nuclear material attractiveness for use in RDD development. To this end, the specific activity and dose coefficient were identified as the two sub-factors, and, in consideration of those, the mass causing detrimental health effects was determined to be the main factor impacting on nuclear materials attractiveness. Based on this factor, the attractiveness of unirradiated DU, NU, and LEU for RDD use was qualitatively compared with that of 137Cs.

中文翻译：

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用于放射扩散装置的未辐照贫化、天然和低浓缩铀的材料吸引力

摘要 核材料不仅可用于和平用途，还可用于军事用途；因此，国际社会致力于核材料的控制、管理和保障。核材料对于核武器的发展具有不同程度的可用性。因此，已经提出了几种评估用于核武器目的的核材料的吸引力的方法。当这些方法应用于未辐照的贫化铀、天然铀和低浓缩铀（DU、NU 和 LEU）时，它们当然被归类为无吸引力的核材料。然而，当评估核材料对潜在放射扩散装置 (RDD) 用途的吸引力时，需要针对不同方面和因素制定不同的方法。在目前的研究中，我们推导出了一种评估核材料在 RDD 开发中使用的吸引力的新方法。为此，将比活度和剂量系数确定为两个子因素，考虑到这些因素，确定造成有害健康影响的质量是影响核材料吸引力的主要因素。基于这一因素，将未辐照的 DU、NU 和 LEU 对 RDD 使用的吸引力与 137Cs 进行了定性比较。