This article offers a concise overview of the history of the study of anatomy and dissection in the Czech lands, now known as the Czech Republic, from the founding of Charles University in 1348 to the present day. The article traces this history in the context of the political changes that occurred over six hundred and seventy-two years, giving emphasis to the history of Prague’s anatomy departments, its leading anatomists and their discoveries, and historically important anatomical texts published or written in Prague. The article documents the significant contribution to anatomy made in the Czech lands, especially in the nineteenth century and during the calmer periods of the region’s turbulent political history.

本文简要概述了捷克土地（现称为捷克共和国）从 1348 年查尔斯大学成立至今的解剖学和解剖学研究的历史。这篇文章在六百七十二年发生的政治变革的背景下追溯了这段历史，重点介绍了布拉格解剖学部门的历史、主要解剖学家及其发现，以及在布拉格出版或撰写的具有历史意义的解剖学文本. 这篇文章记录了捷克土地对解剖学的重大贡献，尤其是在 19 世纪和该地区动荡的政治历史的平静时期。