House dust mite (HDM) is an environmental allergen ubiquitously present indoors, causing allergic inflammation in dogs. However, it is unclear whether HDM allergens can be detected in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract of dogs. In addition, although expression of interleukin (IL)-1β is increased in the intestinal mucosa of dogs with chronic enteropathy (CE), the role of HDM allergens in the production of IL-1β has not been evaluated. The objectives of this study were to determine the presence of HDM allergens in the GI tract of dogs and to elucidate the effect of HDM on IL-1β expression in canine macrophages. HDM allergen, Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Der p) 1, was quantified in the gastric and duodenal fluids and the duodenal and colonic mucosae of dogs with CE and healthy laboratory dogs, and faeces of dogs with CE, healthy laboratory dogs and healthy client-owned dogs. Gene expression and protein levels of IL-1β were measured in HDM-stimulated canine peripheral macrophages from healthy laboratory dogs. Der p 1 was detected in the gastric and duodenal fluids of dogs with CE and healthy laboratory dogs, and faeces of all dogs examined. Der p 1 levels in the duodenal and colonic mucosae were significantly higher in dogs with CE than in healthy laboratory dogs. HDM increased both gene expression and protein levels of IL-1β in canine macrophages. These findings demonstrate the presence of HDM allergens in the GI tract of dogs and the possible involvement of HDM allergens in the pathogenesis of CE by promoting IL-1β expression in macrophages.

屋尘螨（HDM）是室内普遍存在的一种环境过敏原，会引起狗的过敏性炎症。但是，尚不清楚是否可以在犬的胃肠道（GI）中检测到HDM过敏原。另外，尽管在患有慢性肠病（CE）的狗的肠粘膜中白介素（IL）-1β的表达增加，但是尚未评估HDM变应原在IL-1β产生中的作用。这项研究的目的是确定狗胃肠道中存在HDM过敏原，并阐明HDM对犬巨噬细胞IL-1β表达的影响。HDM变应原，Dermatophagoides蕨类植物（Der p）1，在患有CE的狗和健康的实验犬，以及患有CE的狗，健康的实验犬和健康的自养犬的粪便的胃和十二指肠液以及十二指肠和结肠黏膜中进行定量。在健康实验犬的HDM刺激的犬外周巨噬细胞中测量了IL-1β的基因表达和蛋白水平。在患有CE的犬和健康的实验犬以及所有接受检查的犬的粪便中，在其胃和十二指肠液中检测到Der p 1。患有CE的犬的十二指肠和结肠黏膜中的Der p 1水平显着高于健康实验室犬。HDM增加了犬巨噬细胞中IL-1β的基因表达和蛋白质水平。