Antibody tests for detecting past infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) have many uses for public health decision making, but demand has largely come from individual consumers. This review focuses on the individual relevance of antibody tests: their accuracy in detecting prior infection, what past SARS-CoV-2 infection can currently infer about future immunity or possible medical sequelae, and the potential future importance of antibody tests for vaccine selection and medical screening. Given uncertainty about the antibody tests (quality, accuracy level, positive predictive value) and what those tests might indicate immunologically (durability of antibodies and necessity for protection from reinfection), seropositive test results should not be used to inform individual decision making, and antibody testing should remain a tool of public health at this time.

用于检测过去感染严重急性呼吸系统综合症冠状病毒 2 (SARS-CoV-2) 的抗体测试在公共卫生决策中有很多用途，但需求主要来自个人消费者。这篇综述侧重于抗体测试的个体相关性：它们在检测先前感染方面的准确性，过去的 SARS-CoV-2 感染目前可以推断出未来的免疫力或可能的医学后遗症，以及抗体测试对疫苗选择和医学的潜在未来重要性筛选。鉴于抗体测试（质量、准确度、阳性预测值）的不确定性以及这些测试在免疫学上可能表明的内容（抗体的持久性和防止再感染的必要性），血清阳性测试结果不应用于为个人决策提供信息，