Abstract We demonstrate a straightforward microwave-assisted sol-gel (MSG) process to facilely control the crystallization, ion doping and surface carbon coating synchronously for Li2Mn1−xCexSiO4@C (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.05) nanoparticles (NPs) through tuning the velocity of inner gas and the microwave power. In our procedure, Ce3+ ions are used as dopants and play a significant role in the microwave absorbent enhancement, and L-Ascorbic acid is used as the carbon source and the effective reductant to prevent the oxidization of Mn2+. Upon the MSG process, concurrent incorporation of Ce3+ ions into the lattice sites of Li2MnSiO4 and the in-situ carbonization of carbonaceous precursors can readily proceed. The optimal Li2Mn0.97Ce0.03SiO4@C NPs with a narrow particle size distribution in the range of 15–30 nm are demonstrated to show a high initial discharge capacity ~210.5 mAh⋅g−1 at 0.1C with a coulomb efficiency ~90%, and excellent rate performances at various current densities in the voltage range of 1.5-4.5 V.

中文翻译：

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通过快速微波辅助溶胶-凝胶工艺同时掺杂 Ce 和原位碳涂层 Li2MnSiO4 纳米颗粒具有增强的容量

摘要 我们展示了一种简单的微波辅助溶胶-凝胶 (MSG) 工艺，通过调节 Li2Mn1−xCexSiO4@C (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.05) 纳米颗粒 (NPs) 的速度，轻松地同步控制结晶、离子掺杂和表面碳涂层。内部气体和微波功率。在我们的程序中，Ce3+ 离子用作掺杂剂并在增强微波吸收剂中发挥重要作用，L-抗坏血酸用作碳源和有效还原剂以防止 Mn2+ 氧化。在 MSG 过程中，Ce3+ 离子同时掺入 Li2MnSiO4 的晶格位置和碳质前体的原位碳化可以很容易地进行。最优的 Li2Mn0.97Ce0.