Excess consumption of high-fat diet (HFD) is likely to result in obesity and increases the predisposition to associated health disorders. Drosophila melanogaster has emerged as an important model to study the effects of HFD on metabolism, gut function, behavior, and ageing. In this study, we investigated the effects of HFD on physiology and behavior of female flies at different time-points over several weeks. We found that HFD decreases lifespan, and also with age leads to accelerated decline of climbing ability in both virgins and mated flies. In virgins HFD also increased sleep fragmentation with age. Furthermore, long-term exposure to HFD results in elevated adipokinetic hormone (AKH) transcript levels and an enlarged crop with increased lipid stores. We detected no long-term effects of HFD on body mass, or levels of triacylglycerides (TAG), glycogen or glucose, although fecundity was diminished. However, one week of HFD resulted in decreased body mass and elevated TAG levels in mated flies. Finally, we investigated the role of AKH in regulating effects of HFD during aging. Both with normal diet (ND) and HFD, Akh mutant flies displayed increased longevity compared to control flies. However, both mutants and controls showed shortened lifespan on HFD compared to ND. In flies exposed to ND, fecundity is decreased in Akh mutants compared to controls after one week, but increased after three weeks. However, HFD leads to a similar decrease in fecundity in both genotypes after both exposure times. Thus, long-term exposure to HFD increases AKH signaling, impairs lifespan and fecundity and augments age-related behavioral senescence.

过量食用高脂肪饮食 (HFD) 可能会导致肥胖并增加相关健康疾病的易感性。果蝇已成为研究 HFD 对新陈代谢、肠道功能、行为和衰老影响的重要模型。在这项研究中，我们调查了 HFD 对雌性果蝇生理和行为的影响，在几周内的不同时间点。我们发现 HFD 会缩短寿命，而且随着年龄的增长，处女果蝇和交配果蝇的攀爬能力都会加速下降。在处女中，HFD 也会随着年龄的增长而增加睡眠碎片化。此外，长期暴露于 HFD 会导致脂肪运动激素 (AKH) 转录水平升高和脂肪储存增加的作物扩大。我们没有检测到 HFD 对体重或三酰甘油 (TAG)、糖原或葡萄糖水平的长期影响，尽管繁殖力降低了。然而，一周的 HFD 导致交配果蝇的体重下降和 TAG 水平升高。最后，我们研究了 AKH 在调节衰老过程中 HFD 的作用中的作用。无论是正常饮食 (ND) 还是 HFD，与对照果蝇相比，Akh突变果蝇的寿命更长。然而，与 ND 相比，突变体和对照在 HFD 上的寿命都缩短。在暴露于 ND 的果蝇中，与对照相比，Akh突变体的繁殖力在一周后降低，但在三周后增加。然而，在两次暴露时间后，HFD 导致两种基因型的繁殖力类似降低。因此，长期接触 HFD 会增加 AKH 信号，损害寿命和繁殖力，并增加与年龄相关的行为衰老。