Abstract In the near future, renewable energy powered air conditioning systems will play an important role in the building sector. In this study, a solar photovoltaic powered air source heat pump with a battery system was modeled and numerically simulated using Transient System Simulation Tool. The experimental studies were also carried out to validate the developed model. The novelty concerns to integrate conventional and advanced exergy analyses into the numerical model to annually determine the exergy destructions with main sources (exogenous, endogenous, unavoidable, avoidable and their combination) at a component level. The results obtained from the experiments showed that on-site weather conditions, air temperature difference occurring between inlet and outlet of the evaporator unit, and the power flow between the main system components were considerably modeled well. Based on the simulated studies, conventional exergy analysis revealed that the highest annual exergy destruction amount was due to the photovoltaic panels with 23.3 MWh while the lowest one occurred in the batteries with 156.1 kWh. This also indicated that the highest potential for improvement lays within the photovoltaic panels. According to the simulated results considering the advanced exergy analysis, the yearly exergy destruction amount in the photovoltaic panels and in the heat pump (920.6 kWh) were fully endogenous corresponding to unavoidable values of 21.3 MWh and 455.3 kWh, respectively. On the other hand, all the main sources of exergy destruction were seen for both inverter and batteries where the contribution of the unavoidable endogenous (429.9 kWh) and unavoidable exogenous (66.2 kWh) parts were annually found to be significant for the inverter and the batteries, respectively.

中文翻译：

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评估并网太阳能光伏-空气源热泵-电池系统动态先进火用性能的数值和实验工作

摘要 在不久的将来，可再生能源驱动的空调系统将在建筑领域发挥重要作用。在这项研究中，使用瞬态系统仿真工具对带有电池系统的太阳能光伏供电空气源热泵进行建模和数值模拟。还进行了实验研究以验证开发的模型。新颖之处在于将传统和先进的火用分析整合到数值模型中，以在组件级别每年确定主要来源（外源性、内源性、不可避免、可避免及其组合）的火用破坏。实验结果表明，现场天气条件、蒸发器机组进出口空气温差、并且主要系统组件之间的功率流被很好地建模。根据模拟研究，传统的火用分析表明，每年的火用破坏量最高的是光伏电池板，23.3 MWh，最低的是电池，156.1 kWh。这也表明，最大的改进潜力在于光伏面板。根据考虑先进火用分析的模拟结果，光伏电池板和热泵的年火用破坏量（920.6 kWh）完全内生，分别对应21.3 MWh和455.3 kWh的不可避免值。另一方面，逆变器和电池都是火用破坏的主要来源，其中不可避免的内源性（429.