The paper proposes a qualitative valuation method for cultural ecosystem services (CES) based on the analysis of myths, which are interpreted as returns generated by the interaction between natural and human capital (in time and space). Those returns become investments that add up, contribute to form, eventually become, and are accounted as cultural capital. The myths, therefore, are CES indicators (of the time and place where and when they were produced) and can be interpreted as measures of the CES flows. Moreover, some myths eventually survive and add up to a society present cultural capital that produces both cultural and economic value.

In this perspective, the methodology aims at scrutinizing the content of the myths in terms of (1) socio-economic milieu and ecosystems that have produced the myth, (2) main messages displayed by the myth (3) key identification elements of the myths and (4) influence and bequest in cultural capital and culture formation and current cultural attitude towards the ecosystem service. This allows to qualitatively analyse the features, the rates of depletion and accumulation of the cultural capital, eventually produced by ecosystems.

The methodology is applied to the cultural services provided by vine and wine. We analyse myths from 5000 b.C to 100 a.C., told in the fertile Triangle of the Vine (Eurasia, including India) to the Mediterranean basin. Results show that myths are an expression of human and natural capital of the time and space, when and where they were generated. However, they convey cultural values, related to the vine and wine, that are still existing and can be identified and accounted as cultural capital. In this perspective, the CES, through the myths, tell a story of small prehistoric wild vine shoots that were able to create long-lasting civility and culture still affecting several dimensions of current cultural capital, like attitude to wine consumptions, figurative arts, intellectual thinking, among selected aspects.

本文基于对神话的分析，提出了一种文化生态系统服务（CES）的定性评估方法，该解释被解释为自然资本与人力资本（时间和空间）相互作用产生的回报。这些回报成为投资，这些投资加起来，有助于形成，最终成为并被视为文化资本。因此，神话是CES指标（生产它们的时间，地点和时间），并且可以解释为CES流量的度量。而且，一些神话最终得以生存，并加在一起，成为一个社会现今产生文化和经济价值的文化资本。

从这个角度来看，该方法旨在从以下方面审查神话的内容：（1）产生神话的社会经济环境和生态系统；（2）神话所显示的主要信息；（3）神话的主要识别要素（4）对文化资本和文化形成的影响和遗赠以及当前对生态系统服务的文化态度。这允许定性分析最终由生态系统产生的文化资本的特征，枯竭和积累的速率。

该方法适用于葡萄和葡萄酒提供的文化服务。我们分析了从肥沃的三角洲（包括印度在内的欧亚大陆）到地中海盆地的从5000 bC到100 aC的神话。结果表明，神话是时空的人类和自然资本的表达，是它们在何时何地产生的。但是，它们传达了与葡萄和葡萄酒有关的文化价值，这些文化价值仍然存在，可以被识别并被视为文化资本。从这个角度来看，CES通过神话讲述了一个小的史前野生藤蔓芽苗故事，这些芽苗能够创造持久的文明和文化，仍然影响着当前文化资本的多个方面，例如对葡萄酒消费，形象艺术，知识分子的态度。思考，在某些方面。