With the rising demand for fast-charging technology in electric vehicles and portable devices, significant efforts have been devoted to the development of the high-rate batteries. Among numerous candidates, rechargeable aqueous zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs) are a promising option due to its high theoretical capacity, low redox potential of zinc metal anode and inherent high ionic conductivity of aqueous electrolyte. As the strong electrostatic interaction between Zn2+ and host generally leads to sluggish electrode kinetics, many strategies have been proposed to enhance fast (dis)charging performance. Herein, we review the state-of-the-art ultrafast aqueous ZIBs and focus on the rational electrode-designing strategies, such as crystal structure engineering, nanostructuring and morphology controlling, conductive materials introducing and organic molecule designing. Recent research directions and future perspectives are also proposed in this review.

中文翻译：

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超快水系锌离子电池的挑战与策略

随着电动汽车和便携式设备对快速充电技术的需求不断增加，人们投入大量精力开发高倍率电池。在众多候选者中，可充电水性锌离子电池（ZIBs）由于其理论容量高、锌金属负极氧化还原电位低以及水性电解质固有的高离子电导率而成为一种很有前景的选择。由于 Zn2+ 和主体之间的强静电相互作用通常会导致电极动力学缓慢，因此已经提出了许多策略来提高快速（放电）充电性能。在此，我们回顾了最先进的超快水性 ZIB，并专注于合理的电极设计策略，如晶体结构工程、纳米结构和形态控制，导电材料介绍和有机分子设计。本综述还提出了最近的研究方向和未来展望。