This study sought to reveal the proteomic profiling of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) after exposure to imipenem. The advanced isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ®) proteomic approach were used to analyze the alterations in MRSA-derived EV protein patterns upon exposure to imipenem. A total of 1260 EV proteins were identified and quantified. Among these, 861 differentially expressed exosome proteins (P < 0.05) were found. Multivariate analysis, Gene Ontology (GO) annotation, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis were used to analyze the identified proteins. Enrichment analysis of GO annotations indicated that imipenem primarily regulated the metabolic processes in MRSA. The metabolism of differentially expressed proteins was found to be the most significant in the combined analysis of the KEGG pathway analysis. Based on the results from the STRING analysis, 50S ribosomal protein L16 (RplP) and 30S ribosomal protein S8 (RpsH) were involved in the imipenem-induced MRSA-derived EVs. These results provide vital information on MRSA-derived EVs, increasing our knowledge of the proteome level changes in EVs upon exposure to imipenem. Moreover, these results pave the way for developing novel MRSA treatments.

本研究旨在揭示暴露于亚胺培南后耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA) 衍生的细胞外囊泡 (EV)的蛋白质组学分析。用于相对和绝对定量 (iTRAQ®) 蛋白质组学方法的高级同量异位标记用于分析暴露于亚胺培南后 MRSA 衍生的 EV 蛋白模式的变化。共鉴定和量化了 1260 种 EV 蛋白。其中，861个差异表达的外泌体蛋白（P < 0.05) 被发现。多变量分析、基因本体论 (GO) 注释和京都基因和基因组百科全书 (KEGG) 通路分析用于分析鉴定的蛋白质。GO 注释的富集分析表明亚胺培南主要调节 MRSA 的代谢过程。在KEGG通路分析的联合分析中发现差异表达蛋白的代谢最为显着。根据 STRING 分析的结果，50S 核糖体蛋白 L16 (RplP) 和 30S 核糖体蛋白 S8 (RpsH) 参与亚胺培南诱导的 MRSA 衍生的 EVs。这些结果提供了关于 MRSA 衍生的 EV 的重要信息，增加了我们对暴露于亚胺培南后 EV 中蛋白质组水平变化的了解。此外，这些结果为开发新型 MRSA 治疗方法铺平了道路。