CO₂ emission is partly responsible for climate change induced by greenhouse effects. Carbon capture, utilization and storage is a major pathway to reduce CO₂ emission. This article reviews conversion of CO₂ into value-added products by photocatalytic, electrocatalytic and photoelectrocatalytic processes, which involve a catalyst, a reducing agent, an electrolyte and a reactor. An ideal catalyst should be cheap, abundant, non-toxic, less corrosive and chemically stable. Doping various catalysts can increase product yields up to 207 times. Furthermore, monolith reactors generated 23 times and 14 times higher yields than slurry and cell reactors, respectively. Photoelectrocatalytic conversion standout because it combines the advantages of photocatalytic and electrocatalytic processes such as high product yield and selectivity, no electrical energy required, cost-effectiveness, more catalysts option and no sacrificial donor.

CO ₂排放在一定程度上造成了温室效应引起的气候变化。碳的捕获，利用和储存是减少CO ₂排放的主要途径。本文评论CO _2的转化通过光催化，电催化和光电催化过程转化为增值产品，包括催化剂，还原剂，电解质和反应器。理想的催化剂应该便宜，丰富，无毒，腐蚀性小和化学稳定。掺杂各种催化剂可以使产品收率提高207倍。此外，整体式反应器的产率分别比淤浆和池式反应器高23倍和14倍。光电催化转换脱颖而出，因为它结合了光电催化和电催化工艺的优点，例如高产品收率和选择性，不需要电能，成本效益，更多的催化剂选择以及无牺牲的供体。