Sub-beam concept is very useful for size reduction of multiple beam phased array antenna (PAA) systems that are applied for high-throughput communication satellites. In this paper, the synthesis procedure for a PAA with multiple sub-beams in two dimensions of the coverage domain is proposed and analyzed. In the design procedure, the interleaved sub-arraying technique has been applied to eliminate the grating lobes. The extremely short angular distance between adjacent sub-beams is challenging. An innovative beam forming network is proposed, which can generate multiple orthogonal sub-beams while keeping the required angular distance between sub-beams. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the design technique, an example considering the requirements derived from conceptual design of a high-throughput communication payload is presented. The array is optimized using the genetic algorithm while taking into account the technical requirements of the antenna. The gain patterns exhibit a 0.4° angular distance between adjacent sub-beams. In addition, the number of sub-arrays and element spacing guarantee the orthogonality of the sub-beams. The calculated carrier to interference ratio in the synthesized array shows that it has acceptable values in each spot. The aperture size reduction in the synthesized array compared to a conventional multiple beam array is more than 36.7%.

中文翻译：

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用于高通量卫星应用的低剖面多子波束相控阵天线的合成技术

子波束概念对于减小应用于高通量通信卫星的多波束相控阵天线 (PAA) 系统的尺寸非常有用。在本文中，提出并分析了在覆盖域的二维中具有多个子波束的 PAA 的合成过程。在设计过程中，已应用交错子阵列技术来消除栅瓣。相邻子光束之间极短的角距离具有挑战性。提出了一种创新的波束形成网络，它可以生成多个正交子波束，同时保持子波束之间所需的角距离。为了证明设计技术的有效性，给出了一个考虑从高吞吐量通信有效载荷的概念设计中得出的要求的示例。该阵列使用遗传算法进行优化，同时考虑到天线的技术要求。增益图案在相邻子光束之间呈现 0.4° 角距离。此外，子阵列的数量和单元间距保证了子光束的正交性。合成阵列中计算的载波干扰比表明它在每个点都有可接受的值。与传统的多光束阵列相比，合成阵列的孔径尺寸减小了 36.7% 以上。合成阵列中计算的载波干扰比表明它在每个点都有可接受的值。与传统的多光束阵列相比，合成阵列的孔径尺寸减小了 36.7% 以上。合成阵列中计算的载波干扰比表明它在每个点都有可接受的值。与传统的多光束阵列相比，合成阵列的孔径尺寸减小了 36.7% 以上。